颈椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合的治疗选择

目的 探讨椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合治疗多节段颈椎间盘突出症的临床疗效.方法 对39例多节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,Ⅰ期同时完成病变节段人工椎间盘置换和邻近节段Cage融合.本组39例多节段椎间盘突出症患者,双节段颈椎间盘突出29例,三节段颈椎间盘突出9例,四节段颈椎间盘突出1例.病变节段C3～4、C4～5,2例,C4～5、C5～6 15例,C5～6、C6-79例,C4～5、C6～7 3例,C3～4、C4～5、C5～6 4例,C4～5、C5～6、C6～7 5例,C3～4、C4～5、C5～6、C6～7 1例.临床症状以脊髓压迫为主者18例,以神经根性症状为主者21例,术后随访观察椎间盘假体稳定性、假体活动度、Cage融合状态及Cage位移等.依据日本骨科学会(JOA)评分,Odom标准评定神经功能改善情况,采用颈椎残障功能量表(neck disability index,NDI)评定术后临床症状改善和日常功能状态.结果29例双节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,选择1个节段的椎间盘置换和1个节段Cage植骨融合;9例三节段颈椎间盘突出症患者,7例行1个节段的人工椎间盘置换、2个节段Cage植骨融合;2例选择2个节段的人工椎间盘置换、1个节段Cage植骨融合.1例四节段颈椎间盘突出症患者行2个节段的人工椎间盘置换、2个节段Cage植骨融合.术后随访6个月～3年半,人工椎间盘稳定,椎间盘假体平均活动度为9.3°,Cage全部融合,无Cage松动沉陷.患者神经功能有明显改善,JOA评分由术前9.1分增加至13.2分;NDI评分由术前41.8分降至29.5分;Odom评分临床成功率(优/良/可)达到85%(33例).结论颈椎间盘置换与相邻节段融合为颈椎间盘突出症的治疗提供了新的选择方式,兼顾了颈椎的稳定和运动功能,其远期疗效有待于临床随访.

Clinical outcome of cervical disc replacement and adjacent cage fusion for multi-segmental cervical disc herniation

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of artificial cervical disc replacement and cage fusion in the treatment of multi-segmental cervical disc herniation. Methods A total of 39 patients with multi-level cervical disc herniation were treated with disc replacement and adjacent segment cage fusion at one stage. There were 29 patients with two level cervical disc herniation, nine with three level cervical disc herniation and one with four level cervical disc herniation. Of the patients, there were 17 male and 22 female, aged between 35 and 63 years ( mean age 47 years). The herniated disc was located at C3-4 and C4-5 in two patients, C4-5 and C5-6 in 15, C5-6 and C6-7 in nine, C4-5 and C6-7 in three, C3-4,C4-5 and C5-6 in four, C4-5, C5-6 and C6-7 in five and C3-4, C4-8 , C5-6 and C6-7 in one. There were 18 patients with myelopathy and 21 with radieulopathy. The stabilization and the range of motion of implanted disc,the fusion of cage and the displacement of cage were observed on dynamic radiograph postoperatively. The clinical symptom and the neurological function were evaluated according to JOA score and odom' s criteria. Postoperative clinical symptoms and daily function were evaluated by using neck disability index (NDI) scale. Results Twenty-nine patients with bi-level cervical disc herniation underwent single level disc replacement and cage fusion on adjacent segment. Nine patients with three level disc herniation underwent single level disc replacement in seven and level cage fusion on adjacent segment in two. Twopatients underwent two level disc replacement and one level cage fusion. One patient with four level disc herniation was treated with two level disc replacement and two level cage fusion. The patients were followed up for from 6 moths to 3 years, which showed that definite stabilization was achieved for all disc with average range of motion for 9.3 degrees postoperatively. Solid fusion was achieved in all cage, with no subsidence or displacement of cage. The JOA score was increased from 9.1 to 13.2 at final follow up and the NDI (neck disability index) score decreased from 41.8 reduced to 29.5 at final follow up. The clinical success rate (excellent/good/fair) according to Odom' s Criteria was 85%. Conclusion Cervical disc replacement and cage fusion can attain definite stabilization and satisfactory mobility and provide a new effective treatment for cervical disc herniation. The long-term outcome needs further clinical followup.