Phosphodiesterase III inhibition promotes differentiation and survival of oligodendrocyte progenitors and enhances regeneration of ischemic white matter lesions in the adult mammalian brain |
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Authors: | Nobukazu Miyamoto Ryota Tanaka Hideki Shimura Terubumi Watanabe Hideo Mori Masafumi Onodera Hideki Mochizuki Nobutaka Hattori and Takao Urabe |
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Institution: | 1Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;2Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan;3Department of Neurology, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan;4Laboratory of Genetic Diagnosis and Gene Therapy Department of Genetics National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Vascular dementia is caused by blockage of blood supply to the brain, which causes ischemia and subsequent lesions primarily in the white matter, a key characteristic of the disease. In this study, we used a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model to show that the regeneration of white matter damaged by hypoperfusion is enhanced by inhibiting phosphodiesterase III. A rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was prepared by bilateral common carotid artery ligation. Performance at the Morris water-maze task, immunohistochemistry for bromodeoxyuridine, as well as serial neuronal and glial markers were analyzed until 28 days after hypoperfusion. There was a significant increase in the number of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the brains of patients with vascular dementia as well as in rats with cerebral hypoperfusion. The oligodendrocyte progenitor cells subsequently underwent cell death and the number of oligodendrocytes decreased. In the rat model, treatment with a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor prevented cell death, markedly increased the mature oligodendrocytes, and promoted restoration of white matter and recovery of cognitive decline. These effects were cancelled by using protein kinase A/C inhibitor in the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor group. The results of our study indicate that the mammalian brain white matter tissue has the capacity to regenerate after ischemic injury. |
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Keywords: | chronic cerebral hypoperfusion ischemic white matter disease oligodendrocyte progenitor cell phosphodiesterase III inhibitor regenerative therapy |
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