偏侧咀嚼患者下颌磨牙区种植体支抗稳定性的临床研究

目的：研究偏侧咀嚼患者正畸治疗中下颌第二前磨牙和第一磨牙间种植体支抗的稳定性。方法：2006～2012年来我科进行正畸治疗的患者中，选择具有偏侧咀嚼习惯，同时因正畸治疗需要在双侧下颌第二前磨牙和第一磨牙区种植体支抗控制的病例146例，男48例，女98例，年龄18～25岁，平均21．6岁。观察咀嚼侧和非咀嚼侧种植体支抗的稳定性，并对相关因素进行对比分析。结果：本组选择病例中半年内发生种植体支抗松动者23例，共25枚种植体，其中咀嚼侧6枚，非咀嚼侧19枚，咀嚼侧发生种植体周围炎14例，非咀嚼侧38例，对双侧局部骨密度进行测定，结果显示两侧种植体支抗脱落率、周围炎发生率及骨密度均具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：偏侧咀嚼患者非咀嚼侧种植体稳定性较差，可能与局部口腔卫生不良及骨密度相对较低有关。

Chinical study of stability of implant anchorage in mandibular molar area of the patients with unilateral mas- tication.

Objective：To study the stability of mini-implants between the mandibular second premolar and the first molar of the patients with unilateral mastication under orthodontic treatment. Method：146 patients aged 18~25 with unilater- al chew who were required to insert mini-implants between the mandibular second premolar and the first molar were chosen （48 males and 98 females, average age is 21.6 years old）,who received orthodontic treatment from 2006 to 2012 in our de- partment. The mini-implants stability of mastication side and non-mastication side was observed and the relevant factors were analyzed. Result：During 6 months,25 mini-implants in 23 patients suffered looseness, which is 6 in the chewing side and 19 in the non-chewing side. Among these patients, 14 patients occurred peri-implantitis in chewing side and 38 patients occurred peri-implantitis in non-chewing side. Evaluation of bilateral regional bone mineral density showed that,the mini- implant loss rate,peri-implantitis incidence and the bone density were significantly different between two sides （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion：Mini-implants were less stable in non-mastication side than in mastication side. It may be related to the local poor oral hygiene and lower bone density.