缺血性心肌病非移植外科治疗远期效果

目的 总结非移植外科治疗缺血性心肌病的远期疗效.方法 2000年1月至2008年1月术前射血分数(EF)＜0.35的缺血性心肌病病人74例,其中男66例,女8例;年龄36～79岁,平均(63.3±9.28)岁.结合冠状动脉造影、心脏超声、核素扫描和多巴酚丁胺试验结果,评估目标血管条件及存活心肌情况,行非移植外科治疗.比较其术前、术后心功能(NYHA、EF等)的变化及远期生存情况.结果 全组冠状动脉旁路移植71例,平均(3.26±1.14)支/例;使用动脉54支,静脉177支.应用IABP辅助50例,IABP+ECMO 1例.术后发生低心排血量综合征11例,切口感染3例,肾功能不全3例,再次开胸止血1例;死亡8例.随访17～107个月,平均(47.47±24.51)个月.术后心功能较术前明显改善.远期死亡2例.再发生心血管事件6例.结论 选择合适病例,在完成心肌血运重建的同时行心室减容和心室几何重建,对有指征者行二尖瓣成形术.非移植疗法治疗缺血性心肌病远期随访疗效满意.

The long-term follow-up result of surgical non-transplantation treatment of ischemic heart disease

Objective The aim of this study is to review the experience of using non-transplantation procedure treating ischemic heart disease. Methods Between Jan of 2000 and Jan of 2008, 74 patients with ischemic heart disease comprised the study group, including 66 males and 8 females. The age of the group ranged from 36-79 years, mean 63.3 ±9.28years. The patients underwent non-transplantation procedure according to the preoperative tests. To evaluate the aimed vessels and the survival myocardial viability, coronary angiography, echocardiography, radioisotope scanning and dobutamine-stress echo-test were used. The cardiac function data were analyzed before and after operation. Results Seventy-one cases underwent coronary artery bypass [mean (3.26 ± 1.14) grafts/case], containing 54 arterial grafts and 177 veinuos grafts. The mechanical assistance was applied in 51 cases including 1ABP 50 cases(67.6% ), IABP and ECMO 1 case(1.4%). Postoperative complication contained re-thoracotomy for bleeding 1 case ( 1.4% ), wound infection 3 cases (4.1%), renal dysfunction 3 cases(4.1%), low cardiac output 11 cases(14.9 %). The in-hospital mortality was 10.8% ( 8 cases ). The follow-up time ranged from 17 to 107 months, mean (47.47±24.51 ) months. The follow-up mortality rate was 3.0%. The re-hospitalization for cardiovascular events taken place in 6 cases(9.1% ). The cardiac function improved postoperatively. EF increased from preoperative 0.33 to postoperative 0.47. The diameter of the left ventricular decreased markedly. The left ventricular end-systolic diamension decreased from preoperative 47.6 mm to postoperative 43.4 mm. Conclusion Selected patients with ischemic heart disease, potentially eligible for transplantation, can be managed by the non-transplantation surgery. In those patients post-operative quality of life is satisfactory, with comparable survival and low risk of re-hospitalization.