天津市公共场所被动吸烟现状调查

目的了解天津市公共场所禁烟进展及公众被动吸烟现状，为政府决策提供依据。方法采用文献回顾、现场观察和问卷调查的方法，对主要公共场所进行调查。结果天津市与公共场所禁烟相关的法律法规只有《天津市公共场所禁烟条例》。现场观察了43个公共场所，禁烟场所42个，有相关禁烟规定场所31个；有控烟相关宣传材料场所19个；有禁烟标志且数量较多的场所39个，设置了吸烟区的有11个。调查对象家庭内任何区域都不能吸烟、只能在部分区域吸烟和任何地方都能吸烟的比例分别为39．5％、28．2％和31．7％。其中，工作场所内任何区域都不能吸烟、只能在部分区域吸烟和任何地方都能吸烟的比例分别为44．3％、34．9％和20．1％；过去7天，82．3％的人在公共场所、工作场所或家庭曾被动吸烟。绝大多数人认为学校、医院、公共交通工具和办公室应该完全禁烟。结论公众被动吸烟暴露的改善应采取综合性措施，包括吸烟和被动吸烟均有害健康的宣传；无烟公共场所、工作场所的立法和无烟家庭创建等。

Survey on the current status of passive smoking in public places in Tianjin City

Objective To explore the development of tobacco control and the current status of passive smoking in public places in Tianjin City,and to provide evidence for policy-making.Methods Literature review,field observation and questionnaire survey in main public places were conducted to collect needed information and data.Results There was only one law or regulation that controlled smoking in public places in Tianjin.Field observation was conducted among 43 public places,of which 42 were smoke-free places regulated by the ordinance,31 were under the rule of related regulations,19 had tobacco control materials,39 had smoking prohibition signs,11 had established smoking areas.39.5% of surveyed families did not allow smoking at any areas of their own houses,and 28.2% of them allowed smoke at certain areas and 31.7% of them allowed smoking at any areas.73.0% of survey participants worked at indoor sites.44.3% of them were not allowed at any working places,while 34.9% of them could smoke at certain working places and 20.1% of them were not allowed to smoke at any areas.82.3% of survey participants were exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in the past seven days.The majority of them supported that smoking should be forbidden in schools,hospitals,public transportation vehicles,and working places.Conclusion Comprehensive measures should be implemented to decrease passive smoking exposure,including publicizing the notion that either smoking or passive smoking could do harm to health,and legislature on smoke-free public places and working sites and development of smoke-free families should be incorporated.