细菌耐药率与抗菌药物用量相关性分析及临床治疗对策

目的:了解本院抗菌药物的使用状况及细菌耐药率的变化趋势,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法:利用用药频度(DDDs)分析方法对本院2007～2008年抗菌药物消耗量进行统计,并对同期病原菌培养分离结果和药敏试验中各类抗菌药物的耐药率进行比较分析,寻找抗菌药物临床治疗对策。结果:药品用量DDDs排序为β-内酰胺类最高,其次为大环内酯类;本院病原菌感染动态为大肠埃希菌引起的感染最高,其次为铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;青霉素类和大环内酯类的耐药率较高,细菌耐药率与抗菌药物用量具有相关性。结论:抗感染治疗应参照药敏结果,结合临床疗效合理选用抗菌药物,控制抗菌药物用量,防止或减缓细菌耐药性产生。

Correlation Between Antibiotic Resistance and Consumption of Antimicrobials and Countermeasures for Clinical Treatment

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the consumption of antibiotics and the trend of antibiotic resistance rate in our hospital for clinical reference of rational application of antibiotics. METHODS： The consumption of antibiotics in our hospital from 2007 to 2008 was investigated by DDDs analytical method, and the synchronous isolation results of the pathogens and the resistance rates of pathogens to different kinds of antibiotics were analyzed comparatively to search a countermeasure for clinical treatment with antibiotics. RESULTS： In terms of DDDs, leading the list was β- lactam, followed by macrolides. The infection in our hospital was mostly induced by Escherichia Coli, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The resistance rates of pathogens to penicillins and macrolide antibiotics were the highest. Drug resistance rate was eorrelated to consumption of antibiotics. CONCLUSION ： Anti - infective treatment should be carried out based on the drug susceptibility test; the use of antibiotics should be used rationally according to their clinical efficacy, and the consumption of antibiotics should be controlled to prevent or delay the production of antibiotic resistance.