南充市23598名45岁及以上居民血脂调查及分析

目的调查南充市顺庆区城区内45岁及以上人群血脂异常分布情况及相关影响因素,为血脂异常的防治决策提供科学依据。方法整群抽取南充市顺庆区8个社区27 000名45岁及以上居民,通过问卷调查、医学体检和膳食调查3部分进行血脂水平和影响因素调查。对结果进行χ~2或t检验以及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果血脂异常检出率为45.7%,知晓率为7.2%,治疗率为2.3%,控制率为0.5%;女性血脂异常率为55.72%,男性为44.28%,二者间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析显示:在男性中,年龄、文化程度、吸烟史、高血压家族史、糖尿病家族史、血脂异常家族史、高血压病、糖尿病、锻炼、油炸面食食用、身高、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围、水果是血脂异常的主要影响因素;在女性中,仅年龄、吸烟史、血脂异常家族史、高血压病、糖尿病、薯类食用、体重、BMI、腰围、臀围是血脂异常的主要影响因素。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示:在男性中,吸烟、血脂异常家族史、高血压、糖尿病、锻炼、油炸食品食用、体重、BMI、腰围是危险因素,年龄和文化程度是保护因素;在女性中,血脂异常家族史、高血压、糖尿病、薯类食用、体重、BMI、腰围是危险因素。结论南充市顺庆区城区内45岁及以上人群血脂异常情况不容乐观。迫切需要我们建立包括血脂异常在内的慢病管理综合服务模式,提高患者自我管理的知识和技能,减少或延缓心脑血管事件的发生。

The Lipid Investigation and Analysis in Nanchong 23598 Residents Aged 45 and Over

Aim To investigate the dyslipidemia distribution of population aged 45 and over and related factors in Shunqing District,Nanchong City,providing scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia. Methods Select 27 000 residents aged 45 and above from 8 communities in Shunqing District,Nanchong City,and investigate the lipid levels and influencing factors by questionnaires, medical examinations and dietary survey. The results were analyzed by chi-square or t-test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The dyslipidemia detection rate ,awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate was 45.7%,7.2%,2.3% and 0.5%,respectively.Women accounted for 55.72% in the dyslipidemia population, 44.28% for men,and there existed a statistically significant difference between them(P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that:dyslipidemia was related to age, education level, smoking history, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, exercise, eating fried pasta, height, weight,body mass index,waist circumference,hip circumference,eating fresh fruits in male and related to age, smoking history, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, potato consumption, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference in female. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that:smoking, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, exercise, eating fried foods, weight, BMI, waist circumference were risk factors, and age and education were protective factors in male;family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, potato consumption, weight, BMI, waist circumference were risk factors in female. Conclusion The dyslipidemia situation of the population aged 45 and over in Shunqing District,Nanchong City is not optimistic. We need to establish a comprehensive chronic disease management services model including dyslipidemia urgently,which will improve knowledge and skills of patient self-management,and reduce or delay the occurrence of cardiovascular events.