黄芪对高能冲击波肾脏损伤组织病理学的影响

目的: 探讨黄芪对高能冲击波致肾脏损伤的保护作用及可能机制. 方法: 将45只家兔随机分为3组:黄芪组(n=15)、异搏定对照组(n=15)和生理盐水假治疗组(n=15),分别静脉注射黄芪注射液(2.4 g/kg)、异搏定注射液(0.4 mg/kg)、生理盐水20 mL,观察高能冲击波(1500次, 18 kV)对各组家兔冲击肾组织细胞影响. 结果: 家兔右肾接受高能冲击波作用后,肾脏组织病理学反应明显,假治疗组肾小管上皮细胞坏死脱落,电镜下近曲小管上皮细胞线粒体减少,核肿胀,染色体成团块状聚集,刷状缘模糊不清;肾小球毛细血管腔变形、迂曲,上皮细胞与内皮细胞分离,足突缺失、融合,基底膜增厚. 对照组肾脏组织细胞学观察明显轻于假治疗组,黄芪组较对照组轻、恢复快. 结论:黄芪对高能冲击波引起的肾脏组织病理损伤具有保护作用.

Effects of Astragalus membranaceus on histopathology of renal tissue induced by high-energy shock wave

AIM: To study the protective effects of astragalus membranaceus on renal damage induced by high energy shock wave (HESW). METHODS: Forty five healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups at random control group ( n =15), shams ( n =15), and astragulus membranaceus treated animals ( n =15) and respectively were given intravenously verapamil (0.4 mg/kg), physiological saline (20 mL), and astragulus membranaceus (2.4 g/kg). HESW (1500 shocks, 18 kV, MZ V made in China) was applied to the right kidneys of the anesthetized male rabbits in the three groups and the renal histopathological changes were observed. RESULTS: Light microscopy revealed injury of interstitial congestion and segmental renal tubular necrosis in the shams after shocking. There was cell wall injury in part of epithelial cells due to cellular necrosis or changes of adhesiveness. Electron microscopy revealed changes as follows: a sharp decrease in glomerular capillary, vascular deformity, loss of normal foot process pattern over capillary, and thickening and fragmentation of glomerular basement membranes. The tubular cells were desquamated,which contained a deformed nucleus and destroyed organelles. We observed a decrease in mitochondria in epithelial cells of proximal convoluted tubules, edema of cell nucleus, and massive chromosomal aggregation. The damaged cell lost its brush border and had a sharp decrease in microvilli. Histopathology showed that renal damage in the animals given astragulus membranaceus and verapamil was slighter than that in sham group, especially in the astragulus membranaceus group. CONCLUSION: Astragulus membranaceus has protective effects on histopathological damage in rabbit kidney induced by HESW.