企业员工乙型肝炎病毒感染现状及社区护理干预

目的了解企业员工乙型肝炎病毒感染（HBV）现状和社区护理干预方式，为乙型病毒性肝炎（简称乙肝）防治提供科学依据。方法随机抽取20家100人以上的企业共2000名员工，分为研究组、对照组各1000名。采集两组员工的静脉血标本并进行问卷调查，根据调查结果将研究组的对象分为乙肝感染高、中、低危险人群，并给予不同方式的社区护理干预。对照组不采取任何社区护理干预。结果乙肝总感染率为26．60％，共检出HBV血清标志物12种；干预前两组平均知识得分差异无统计学意义，干预后两组得分差异有统计学意义，研究组明显高于对照组；社区护理干预以VCD方式最好，板报最差。结论企业员工HBV感染率较高，应加大对企业员工乙肝防治知识的宣传力度，采取不同措施进行护理干预，降低乙肝感染率和发病率。

Analysis of the HBV infect rate among enterprise staff and nursing countermeasures

Objective To invest the status of hepatitis B virus infect rate among enterprise community and explore the nurse countermeasures.Methods All 2 000 staff were radomly selected from 20 enterprises which own more than 100 staff,located in Tangxia Town,Dongguan City,100 workers were selected from each enterprise.They were divided into two groups(1 000 in each group).All of them were investigated with questionnaire and examined by Elisa way(HBV6 items).The staff from experimented group were taken into three groups(high risk,normal risk and low risk)and were taken different nursing measures,while the control group did not receive nursing measures.Results The infection rate of Hepatitis B is 26.60%,12 serum marker HBV were positive.There were no significant differences in terms of average knowledge scores between groups before interventions,while there were significantly different after interventions and the scores in exterimental group were higher than that in control group.The best way to improve the knowledge of hepatitis B virus is by VCD,the worst way is by blackboard.Conclusions Hepatitis B virus infection rates are higher among enterprise staff,we should strengthen the propaganda of the hepatitis prevention knowledge,adopt various measures to reduce hepatitis infection and morbidity.