OCT在健康人群脉络膜厚度研究中的应用及相关进展

脉络膜位于巩膜与视网膜之间,由大量血管组成,难以获得清晰的可视化图像成为观察和研究脉络膜的障碍.使用了新技术的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT),如增强深部成像技术(EDI-OCT),可提供高分辨率的脉络膜图像,使观察和定量研究脉络膜厚度成为可能.对脉络膜厚度的测量分为视乳头旁脉络膜厚度和黄斑脉络膜厚度,目前关于后者的研究更多.后极部脉络膜厚度呈地形样变化,因测量位置不同而不同.脉络膜厚度随年龄、近视程度、眼轴长度增加而变薄,随远视程度增加而增厚.高度近视眼脉络膜厚度显著降低,厚度分布与正视眼不同.配戴角膜塑形镜后短期观察到脉络膜厚度增加,但长期观察未发现脉络膜出现长期增厚.一天中脉络膜厚度有随时间推移而波动的趋势.有少部分人群双眼间脉络膜厚度存在不对称性.

Research progress of choroidal thickness in healthy people using optical coherence tomography

Choroid is located between sclera and retina and consists of a large number of blood vessels. It is difficult to obtain clear visual images and becomes a barrier to observe and study choroid. New technique of optical coherence tomography (OCT), such as enhanced deep imaging (EDI-OCT), can provide high resolution of choroidal images, which makes it possible to observe and quantify the thickness of the choroid. The measurement of choroidal thickness can be divided into para papillary choroidal thickness and macular choroidal thickness. The posterior polar choroidal thickness varies with topography and is different in different locations. The thickness of choroid becomes thinner with aging, increased degree of myopia and axial length, and thicker with increased degree of hyperopia. The thickness of choroid in high myopia decreases significantly, and the thickness distribution is different from that in emmetropia. The thickness of choroid is observed increasing in short term after orthokeratology, but there is no long-term thickening of choroid. There is diurnal variation in choroidal thickness. There is an asymmetry in the choroidal thickness between the two eyes in a few people.