洗涤红细胞保护液肺动脉灌注对体外循环术后肺损伤的影响

目的观察心内直视手术中采用低温洗涤红细胞保护液肺动脉灌注对肺损伤的影响。方法选择风湿性二尖瓣病变伴中重度肺动脉高压(PH)的患者30例,分为肺动脉灌注组和对照组(各15例)。灌注组在升主动脉阻断后,经主肺动脉间断灌注低温洗涤红细胞保护液,测定并记录两组患者围术期的肺血管阻力(PVR)、静脉血与动脉血白细胞计数比值(V/A)、肺循环血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量及氧合指数(OI)、机械辅助通气时间。结果(1)PVR:转流结束即刻、术后12、24h灌注组(46·4kPa·s·L-1±8·1kPa·s·L-1、48·5kPa·s·L-1±7·0kPa·s·L-1、36·1kPa·s·L-1±6·3kPa·s·L-1)明显低于对照组(65·7kPa·s·L-1±5·3kPa·s·L-1、79·8kPa·s·L-1±8·7kPa·s·L-1、47·9kPa·s·L-1±7·1kPa·s·L-1,均P<0·05)。(2)MDA含量:转流结束即刻、术后12、24h灌注组(分别为14·3mmol/L±0·8mmol/L、16·1mmol/L±0·7mmol/L、13·3mmol/L±0·5mmol/L)明显低于对照组(18·9mmol/L±0·9mmol/L、21·6mmol/L±0·4mmol/L、22·5mmol/L±0·7mmol/L,均P<0·05)。(3)V/A比值:转流结束即刻、术后12h灌注组(1·16±0·05、1·20±0·05)明显低于对照组(1·53±0·07、1·68±0·25,均P<0·01)。(4)OI:转流结束即刻、术后12、24h灌注组(370±33、388±41、414±40)明显高于对照组(217±30、210±36、222±33,均P<0·05)。(5)机械辅助通气时间:灌注组(13h±4h)显著低于对照组(27h±6h,P<0·01)。结论洗涤红细胞保护液肺动脉灌注可以减轻体外循环术后肺损伤。

Influence of pulmonary artery perfusion with solution of washed red blood cells on lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of intra-operative pulmonary artery perfusion with hypothermic washed red blood cell (RBC) solution on lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: Thirty patients of mitral disease with pulmonary hypertension undergoing mitral valve replacement were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: control group, and perfusion group (with the pulmonary artery infused with 4 degrees C washed RBC protective solution during CPB). The blood cell count, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), white blood cell (WBC) ratio (venous blood/arterial blood), plasma malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and oxygenation index (OI), were measured and the time of mechanical ventilation was obtained as well. RESULTS: (1) The PVR at the end of CPB, and 12 h and 24 h after CPB of the perfusion group were 46.4 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 8.1 kPa.s.L(-1), 48.5 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 7.0 kPa.s.L(-1), and 36.1 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 6.3 kPa.s.L(-1) respectively, all significantly lower than those of the control group (65.7 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 5.3 kPa.s.L(-1), 79.8 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 8.7 kPa.s.L(-1), and 47.9 kPa.s.L(-1) +/- 7.1 kPa.s.L(-1) respectively, all P < 0.05). (2) The levels of MDA at the end of CPB, and 12 h and 24 h after CPB of the perfusion group were 14.3 mmol/L +/- 0.8 mmol/L, 16.1 mmol/L +/- 0.7 mmol/L, and 13.3 mmol/L +/- 0.5 mmol/L respectively, all significantly lower than those of the control group (18.9 mmol/L +/- 0.9 mmol/L, 21.6 mmol/L +/- 0.4 mmol/L, and 22.5 mmol/L +/- 0.7 mmol/L respectively, all P < 0.05). (3) The WBC ratios of vein and artery (V/A) a the end of CPB and 12 h after CPB of the perfusion group were 1.16 +/- 0.05 and 1.20 +/- 0.05 respectively, both significantly lower than those of the control group (1.53 +/- 0.07 and 1.68 +/- 0.25 respectively (both P < 0.01). (4) The OI at the end of CPB, and 12 h and 24 h after CPB of the perfusion group were 370 +/- 33, 388 +/- 41, and 414 +/- 39 respectively, all significantly higher than those of the control group (217 +/- 30, 210 +/- 36, and 222 +/- 33 respectively (all P < 0.05). (5) The time of mechanical ventilation the perfusion group was 13 h +/- 4 h, significantly shorter than that of the control group (27 h +/- 6 h, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary artery perfusion with hypothermic washed RBC protective solution alleviates the lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass.