2012年广州市海珠区居民脑卒中患病率及相关危险因素调查分析

目的了解广州市海珠区18岁以上社区居民脑卒中患病率及高血压、糖尿病等常见危险因素在人群中的分布。方法 2012年12月采用KishGrid表法分层抽样后问卷调查的方法,在海珠区瑞宝社区抽取1000人为调查对象,采用χ2检验和t检验对结果进行统计分析。结果海珠区居民脑卒中、冠心病的患病率均较2008年有明显上升（3.4%vs1.6%,18.5%vs4.5%）,而高血压病、糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖率和吸烟率均较2008年下降（16.2%vs22.9%,7.0%vs9.2%,37.9%vs59.7%,6.2%vs7.1%,18.2%vs24.6%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。男性高血压患病率、吸烟率和饮酒率分别为20.0%、29.0%和11.2%,与女性11.9%、5.8%和5.1%相比较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论海珠区脑卒中患病率上升呈年轻化趋势,冠心病患病率较前增高,应提倡早期对心脑血管疾病相同危险因素进行筛查并控制预防。

Prevalence and risk factors associated with stroke in Haizhu district of Guangzhou city, 2012

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of stroke in adults living in the Haizhu district of Guangzhou city. Methods 1 000 subjects were randomly selected from 19 neighborhood committees of Ruibao community for this questionnaire survey. The subjects were older than 18 and had been living in Haizhu district for at least 5 years. Results The incidence of stroke （3.4%） was significantly higher than the figure obtained at 2008. Incidence of the following risk factors, namely hypertension （16.2%）, diabetes （7.0%）, dyslipidemia （37.9%）, obesity （6.2%）, and smoking （18.2%） were lower than the figures obtained at 2008. However, the figure of CHD （7.0%） was increased in 2012. The prevalence rate of hypertension （20.0%）, smoking （29.0%） and drinking （11.2%） in male was significantly higher than the female （11.9% , 5.8% and 5.1% , respectively）. Conclusion The incidence of stroke in Haizhu district was more frequent in younger people. The occurrence of CHD was increasing , and the reduced in risk factors might be due to the growing concern in public health care. It′s necessary to promote the healthy life style and the prevention of stroke in the younger generation.