老年期痴呆和老年抑郁症的流行病学调查

目的 了解老年期痴呆和老年抑郁症的发病率及其相关因素。方法 以1997年北京西城区老年性痴呆和老年抑郁症患病率调查时的非病例老人作为发病率调查的对象,于1999年进行随访。调查流程和工具及诊断标准均与患病率调查所采用的相同。结果 60岁以上老年期痴呆的年发病率为0．89％,发病率随年龄增长而增高;老年抑郁症的最小年发病率为1．28％,健康状况差组发病率高于健康状况一般组和健康状况较好组。中、重度痴呆发病率与1989年同一地区的调查结果相比较差异无显著意义。结论 老年性痴呆的发病率与10年前相比处于稳定水平。年龄与老年性痴呆的发病率密切相关,健康状况与老年抑郁症的发病率明显相关。老年性痴呆和老年抑郁症可共患。

Incidence of senile dementia and depression in elderly population in Xicheng District,Beijing, an epidemiologic study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of senile dementia and depression in the elderly and the factors correlative with these disorders. METHODS: All the non-case subjects investigated in a survey of prevalence of senile dementia and depression conducted among the elderly population in Xicheng District, Beijing in 1997 were followed up in 1999. The investigation procedure, instruments and diagnostic criteria were identical with those used in 1997 survey. RESULTS: The annual incidence rates of senile dementia was 0.89% in those aged 60 and over. The incidence rate of old males and that of the old females were not significantly different. The annual incidence rate of senile dementia in groups aged 60 approximately 64, 64 approximately 69, 70 approximately 74 75 approximately 79 80 approximately 84 85 approximately 89, and 90 and over were 0.15% 0.68 % 0.44% 1.32% 2.41% 5.72% and 5.13% respectively. The incidence rate in the elderly over 90 was lower than that in the group aged 85 approximately 89. The minimum annual incidence rate of depression in the elderly aged 60 and over was 1.28%. The incidence rate of depression was higher in the group with poorer health than in the group with better health. The incidence rates of moderate and severe dementia were not significantly different from those in 1989. CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of senile dementia in the elderly remains rather stable during this period of 10 years in Beijing city. The incidence rate of senile dementia is closely correlated with age. The incidence rate of depression in the elderly is remarkably correlated with health status. Senile dementia and depression may coexist in the same person.