婚姻支持对糖尿病视网膜病变患者心理和生活质量的影响

目的 探讨婚姻支持对糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者心理和生活质量的影响.方法 采用中文版低视力者生活质量量表(CLVQOL)、Olson婚姻质量调查问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对218例DR患者的生活质量、婚姻质量及心理状况进行调查,并进行相关性分析.结果 无配偶组(45例)、婚姻质量低组(91例)CLVQOL中大多数维度评分和总分显著低于婚姻质量高组(82例;P＜0.05,P＜0.01).无配偶组、婚姻质量低组的躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性等因子评分及SCL-90总分显著高于婚姻质量高者(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).有配偶患者婚姻质量中婚姻满意度、性格相容性、夫妻交流、解决冲突方式、经济安排、性生活、与亲友关系、角色平等因子分,Olson总分与CLVQOL总体分呈显著正相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),与SCL-90总分呈显著负相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论婚姻支持有利于维持、改善DR患者生活质量和心理状况,护理人员应引导患者及配偶增强主动寻求、合理利用、适时改善婚姻支持的意识.

Effect of Marital Supports on Quality of Life and Psychological Status in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

Objective To study the effect of marital supports on quality of life and psychological status in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods Two hundred and eighteen patients with DR were evaluated by Chinese-version Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire(CLVQOL),Olson Marital Quality Questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90).Results In the CLVQOL,scores of majority subdimensions and total scores in no spouse group(45 cases)and low marital Quality group(91 cases)were significantly lower than those in high marital quality group(82 cases,P<0.05,P<0.01).In the SCL-90,the scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsiveness,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychoticism as well as the total score in no spouse group and low marital quality group were much higher than those in high marital quality group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Marital quality of patients who had a spouse was positively correlated with satisfaction of marriage,compatibility of character,inter-couple communication,conflict-solving style,economy arrangement,sex life,the relationship with kith and kin,roles equality as well as total scores of Olson Marital Quality and CLVQOL,but negatively correlated with total score of SCL-90.Conclusion The marital supports are very important for improving the quality of life and psychological status in patients with DR.Nursing staff should guide patients and their spouses to strengthen the consciousness of initiative exploration,reasonable utilization and improving marital supports at the right moment.