BALB/c无毛同类系小鼠的皮肤组织学及超微结构观察

目的:观察BALB/c无毛同类系小鼠皮肤特征.方法:用常规组织学及扫描电镜方法对正常有毛BALB/c小鼠及BALB/c无毛同类系小鼠皮肤结构进行了对比观察.结果:BALB/c无毛同类系小鼠12日龄左右发生脱毛现象,2周左右时除触须外全部脱净,并终生保持无毛状态;1月龄时无毛小鼠透过皮肤可见内脏,老龄时头部、腹部和体侧形成明显的皱纹和褶痕,似犀牛状,指甲过度生长.组织学发现BALB/c无毛小鼠毛囊瓦解,形成椭圆囊,真皮内形成大小不等的包囊,并且随年龄增长而扩张;无毛小鼠皮肤电镜扫描可见表面有许多鳞片状、泡沬状、角化物质沿皮肤沟排列;切面可见角质化的皮肤包囊和真皮包囊,真皮内弹性纤维排列凌乱.结论:BALB/c 无毛同类系小鼠皮肤结构特点较有毛小鼠更接近于人,可作为新品系应用于皮肤病学研究.

Histological and ultrastructural characteristics of the BALB/c hairless mice of congenic strain

Aim: To observe the skin features of the BALB/c hairless mice of congenic strains. Methods:The skin structure of the BALB/c hairless mice of congenic strain was observed with routine histological method and electron microscope, and compared with normal BALB/c mice at the same age. Results: The BALB/c hairless mice began to lose hair about at the age of 12 days and lost all the hair at the age of 14 days except for vibrissae. The viscera were visible under the skin surface at the age of 1 month. At old ages, the skin of mouse formed rhinoceros-like folds and flaps, furthermore. Histologically, the hair follicles of BALB/c hairless mice disorganized to be utricles. There were the formation of several rows of large cysts in dermis, and increased in size and quantity with age. Under scanning electron microscope, it could be found that the utricles and dermal cysts in section, elastic fiber in mess, and countless bubble or global-like substances appeared on the skin surface that arranged in rows along the skin grooves. Conclusion: The skin characteristics of the BALB/c hairless mice of congenic strain was similar to human than haired mice, thus it might be used as a new strain in the dermatological study.