爆炸冲击伤的诊断

爆炸冲击伤是爆炸后冲击波超压直接作用机体,因释放能量而产生的各种损伤,属原发性爆炸伤。爆炸冲击伤表现外轻内重,多发伤、复合伤多见,脏器挫伤重,伤情发展迅速,诊断难度大。本文详细介绍了爆炸伤的分类及爆炸冲击伤的致伤机制,肺、胃肠道和耳爆炸冲击伤的临床表现,X线片、CT和超声检查,动脉血气以及耳镜及电耳镜、听功能和前庭功能等检查手段,并阐述了常见爆炸冲击伤的诊断要点。

Diagnosis of explosive blast injury

Explosive blast injury is caused by shock waves that directly harm the body and energy released after explosion .It is a kind of primary explosive injury .Explosive blast injury manifests itself as seemingly slight but actually severe .Multiple injuries and combined injuries are common and viscera contusions are severe .Injuries de-velop rapidly and are difficult to be diagnosed .In this paper ,the classification and mechanism of explosive blast in-jury,clinical features of blast injury in lung , gastrointestinal tract and ear , examination with X-ray, CT and ultra-sound,along with inspections such as arterial blood gas ,otoscope,electric auriscope,auditory function and vestibule function were explicitly introduced .Meanwhile,key points in the diagnosis of explosive blast injury were also stated .