玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿的眼压变化

目的:研究玻璃体腔注射4mg曲安奈德(IVTA)治疗黄斑水肿后的眼压(IOP)变化及其相关因素。方法:本研究为回顾性、连续性及非对照病例序列研究。包括93眼黄斑水肿患者,病因分别为视网膜静脉阻塞(54眼)和糖尿病视网膜病变(39眼),都接受了4mgIVTA注射。所有病例均在注射前和注射后14d,1,2,3,4,5,6mo随访眼压变化。并分析基础IOP,病因,年龄和性别与眼压的相关性。结果:注射后14dIOP显著升高(16.02±2.45mmHg,P<0.001),注射后2mo达到高峰(18.80±6.20mmHg,P<0.001)。注射后14d有2眼眼压超高21mmHg(2.2%),术后1,2,3,4,5,6mo分别是14(15.1%),18(19.5%),9(9.6%),4(4.3%),0,0。注射后14d有1眼(0.01%)眼压较基础眼压升高超过5mmHg,术后2mo达到高峰,为22眼(23.7%)。注射后1mo有5眼(5.3%)眼压升高10mmHg,2mo最高为12眼(12.9%)。IOP升高和年龄(相关系数-0.18～-0.29,P<0.05),基础眼压(相关系数0.52～0.79,P<0.001)及糖尿病(相关系数0.23,P<0.001)显著相关,但与性别无相关性(相关系数-0.002～0.04,P>0.05)。所有患眼的IOP均能通过局部降眼压药物控制到正常,没有1例发生青光眼性视神经病变。结论:4mgIVTA注射后眼压升高是很普遍的现象,注射后应该至少随访观察6mo以上。所有患眼的高眼压均能通过局部降眼压药物得到控制。对于基础眼压较高,糖尿病视网膜病变及年轻患者更应该关注注射后的眼压变化。

Changes of intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of 4mg triamcinolone acetonide in treatment of macular edema

AIM: To investigate the changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) and associated factors of IOP elevation after 4mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in treatment of macular edema.METHODS: The study is prospective, consecutive, and non-comparative interventional case series including 93 eyes with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (n=54 eyes) or diabetic retinopathy (n=39 eyes), which received 4mg IVTA injection. The change in IOP was followed for all cases at pre-operation and 14 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months post-operation. Associated factors of IOP elevation were examined regarding baseline IOP, causal disease, age and gender.RESULTS: IOP increased significantly (P＜0.001) at 14 days 16.02± 2.45mmHg after injection and peaked at 18.80± 6.20 at 2 months post-injection (P＜0.001) from 14.85 ± 2.55 mmHg preoperatively. An IOP rise to the value higher than 21mmHg was observed in 2 (2.2%) eyes 14 days after injection and which was observed in 14 (15.1%), 18(19.5%),9(9.6%), 4(4.3%), 0, and 0 eyes respectively at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,and 6 months after injection. One eye (0.01%) showed pressure elevation of over 5mmHg than baseline 14 days after injection and IOP peaked to 22 mmHg (23.7%) at 2 months after injection. Five (5.3%) eyes had an increase of 10mmHg at 1 month and IOP peaked to 12mmHg (12.9%) at 2 months after injection. The rise in IOP was statistically associated with younger age (correlation coefficient -0.18- -0.29, P ＜0.05), high baseline IOP (correlation coefficient 0.52-0.79, all P ＜0.001),and the presence of diabetes mellitus (correlation coefficient 023, P＜0.001) but independent of gender (correlation coefficient -0.002-0.04, all P ＞0.05). In all eyes, IOP could be lowered to the normal range with topical medication, without development of glaucomatous optic nerve head changes.CONCLUSION: Elevated IOP after 4mg IVTA injection is common and patients should be monitored beyond 6 months post-injection. In all the cases, IOP can be normalized by topical medication. Patients with high baseline IOP, diabetic retinopathy, and younger age should be carefully monitored for an elevated IOP.