Toll-like receptors in central nervous system glial inflammation and homeostasis |
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Authors: | Kielian Tammy |
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Institution: | Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA. kieliantammyl@uams.edu |
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Abstract: | Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern-recognition receptors expressed on cells of the innate immune system that allow for the recognition of conserved structural motifs on a wide array of pathogens, referred to as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, as well as some endogenous molecules. The recent emergence of studies examining TLRs in the central nervous system (CNS) indicates that these receptors not only play a role in innate immunity in response to infectious diseases but may also participate in CNS autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, and tissue injury. This review summarizes the experimental evidence demonstrating a role for TLRs in the context of CNS inflammation in both infectious and noninfectious conditions. |
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Keywords: | Toll‐like receptor (TLR) pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) central nervous system |
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