呼吸内科住院患者痰标本病原菌分布及耐药性研究

目的研究医院呼吸内科住院患者痰标本培养病原菌分布及耐药情况,为合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法通过采集病人痰标本并进行细菌分离培养和鉴定,对2011年度本医院呼吸内科住院患者进行了痰标本检测。结果 2011年全年该医院呼吸内科送检患者痰标本2 860份,检出病原菌879株,分离率为30.73%。检出真菌471株,构成比为53.59%,居首位;革兰阴性杆菌402株,构成比为45.73%;革兰阳性菌仅占0.68%。痰标本检出的真菌对氟康唑、5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、伊曲康唑等抗真菌药物比较敏感;革兰阴性杆菌耐药性比较普遍,其中以非发酵菌群耐药率最高。结论该医院呼吸内科患者痰培养病原菌以真菌和革兰阴性杆菌为主,真菌对抗菌药物的敏感性很高,革兰阴性杆菌群耐药性较普遍。

RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF PATHOGENS FROM SPUTUM SAMPLES OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS IN RESPIRATORY MEDICINE DEPARTMENT

Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens from sputum samples of hospitalized patients in respiratory medicine department so as to provide references for the rational use of antibiotics.Methods The bacteria isolated culture and identification method was used to detect sputum samples of hospitalized patients in respiratory medicine department in year 2011.Results 2 860 shares sputum samples of patients in respiratory medicine department of this hospital were detected throughout year 2011.879 strains pathogenic bacteria were isolated and the separation rate was 30.73%.471 strains fungi were detected and the separation rate was 53.59% in the first place;402 strains Gram-negative bacilli were detected and the separation rate was 45.73%.The Gram-positive bacteria accounted for only 0.68%.The Fungi detected from sputum samples were more sensitive to Fluconazole,5-Fluorocytosine,Amphotericin B,Itraconazole azole and other antifungal agents;Resistance to the Gram-negative bacilli was relatively common and the non-fermenting bacteria had the highest resistance rate.Conclusion Most of the pathogens were the fungi and the Gram-negative bacilli in sputum cultures of patients in respiratory medicine department of this hospital and the fungi was highly sensitive to antimicrobial agents while the resistance of Gram-negative bacilli was more common.