影响农村地区产妇住院分娩的因素研究——对河北省丰宁县673例妇女的调查

为了探讨影响我国农村地区孕产妇住院分娩的因素，本研究于1999年5月对河北省丰宁县近一年4个月内分娩的673名妇女进行了问卷调查。调查发现该县住院分娩率仍很低，仅为23％，多因素分析表明，与孕产妇是否住院分娩相关联的因素，按其关联强度依次为：妇女对住院分娩必要性的看法、孕产期保健知识、家距医院的距离、胎次、孕期有无异常、住院分娩的意愿、妇女的文化程度、妇女的职业。该结果表明，与住院分娩相关联的因素中，反映妇女对住院分娩的态度和知识的因素作用较大，另外一些客观因素，如家距医院的距离、胎次及孕期有无异常等因素也有较大作用。该研究结果提示，加强孕期健康教育、创造特产条件、加强对住院分娩可能性小的人群进行引导，对提高农村地区住院分娩率应能起到一定作用。

A Study on the Determinants of the Utilization of Hospital Services at Delivery in Fengning County of Hebei Province of China

In order to understand the reasons why some women did not delivery theirbabies in a hospital, the current study did a survey to 673 mothers who had abirth during the past sixteen months in Fengning County of Hebei Province.The survey discovered that there were only 23 percent of surveyed womenwho delivered the babies in a hospital. Multiple Logistic analysis showed thatthere were eight factors associated with weather women to chose a hospitalfor delivery. The eight factors were the attitude toward the necessary ofhospital delivery, health care knowledge on pregnancy and parturition, distantfrom their home to the hospital, parity, having complications or not duringthe pregnancy, the desire to utilize the hospital service at delivery,educational level and occupation. The results indicate that women's attitudeand knowledge toward the hospital delivery are important for the utilizationof the hospital service at delivery, and also indicate that some objectivefactors, such as the distant from home to the hospital and havingcomplications or not during the pregnancy had moderate impact on utilizationof hospital service. The study suggests that the strategies of enhancing thehealth education on the necessary of hospital delivery to women, preparingthe waiting rooms for pregnant women near the hospital, and inducing thewomen who would have their second or higher order baby or had nocomplications during the pregnancy to delivery their births in a hospitalwould be effectiveness, in order to increase the percentage of hospitalelivery in rural areas.