突发化学中毒事故医学应急救援危害评估GIS系统

目的为了提高突发化学中毒事故时应急反应、指挥决策能力,提高处理效率研究开发本系统。方法在高清晰卫星影像电子地图上,建立与突发化学中毒事故相关的化学品、地理、交通、救援资源、人口分布等信息数据库,借助计算机软件系统、化学品数学扩散模型评估事故危害范围和应急处理决策。结果利用该系统可迅速查找到事故救援相关信息,如地点(或化学品使用企业)、周边地理地貌、交通、通信、化学品分布与储备、当地常年气象条件和人口分布、救援资源分布等情况,以该系统为平台,可评估化学品扩散污染范围,确定人员撤离的区域、查询医学救援所需信息。结论该系统以计算机应用软件的形式,经过演示和企业初步演习试用,达到了设计要求,经试用,能够大大提高突发化学中毒事故应急处理效率。

Hazard Assessment on Geographic Information System for Emergency Medical Rescue of Chemical Poisoning Accident

Objective To develop the project for better emergency reaction,quick decision-making and high efficiency in chemical poisoning accidents.Methods The database of chemicals,geography,traffic,rescue resources,population distribution,and other chemical poisoning accidents related factors were established on a satellite photograph map.Hazardous areas of an accident and rescue decision-making were evaluated by a computer software and chemical spreading mathematical model.Results Through this system one can easily find out the chemical poisoning accident related information,such as the accident place or chemical utilization enterprise,geographic status,traffic condition,telecommunication,chemical distribution and stocks,local meteorology,population and rescue sources distribution,etc.This system can provide the information for emergency medical rescue and assess the chemical polluted areas which should be withdrawn.Conclusions This system as a software on computer and preliminary used by some companies shows the efficiency of emergency rescue in chemical poisoning accident.