Antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activity of plants from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |
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Authors: | Abdel-Sattar Essam Harraz Fathalla M Al-Ansari Soliman M A El-Mekkawy Sahar Ichino Chikara Kiyohara Hiroaki Otoguro Kazuhiko Omura Satoshi Yamada Haruki |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, P.O Box 80260, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;(2) Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;(3) Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt;(4) Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan;(5) Research Centre for Tropical Diseases, The Kitasato Institute, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan;(6) The Kitasato Institute, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan |
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Abstract: | The antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activity of the methanol extracts of 42 plants collected from the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia and some fractions obtained thereof were evaluated. The antiplasmodial activity was tested in vitro against chloroquine-resistant
strain (K1) and sensitive strain (FCR3), and the antitrypanosomal activity was tested in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei brucei GUTat 3.1 strain. For host cells, the cytotoxicity of the active extracts was also evaluated against the MRC5 human cell
line. Only extracts of three samples demonstrated good antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 12.5 and > 1.56 μg/ml, score 2), the methanol extracts of Lycium shawii, Heliotropium zeylanicum and the petroleum ether-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of Caralluma tuberculata, while extracts of the remaining 42 plants were inactive (IC50 > 12.5 μg/ml, score 1). As for the antitrypanosomal activity, the methanol extract of Solanum schimperianum demonstrated the highest activity (IC50 0.061 μg/ml), followed by the petroleum ether-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of C. tuberculata (IC50 0.5 μg/ml). The chloroform-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of C. tuberculata was moderately active (IC50 3.5 μg/ml), with low cytotoxicity (IC50 62.6 μg/ml) and moderate selectivity index (SI 17.9). The methanolic extracts of 34 plants showed good activity with score
2 (IC50 < 12.5 and > 1.56 μg/ml), while the extracts of seven plants were inactive (IC50 > 12.5 μg/ml, score 1). |
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Keywords: | Screening Antimalarial activity Antitrypanosomal activity Cytotoxicity |
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