肝肾综合征的诊治现状

肝肾综合征(HRS)是重症肝病患者常见的严重并发症之一，病死率极高。尽管国际腹水俱乐部于2007年修订了HRS的诊断标准，但因缺乏特异性的诊断指标，目前HRS尤其是早期阶段，仍然很难被确诊。近年来，血管收缩药物联合白蛋白治疗Ⅰ型HRS取得了较大的成就，改变了HRS内科治疗几乎无效的状态。然而，药物治疗效果有限，目的主要是为肝移植作准备，肝移植术仍是HRS患者目前唯一可靠的、有效的治疗手段。随着对HRS认识的提高，相关学者越来越强调早期预防HRS的重要性。

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is one of common serious complications in patients with severe liver diseases, with a very high mortality rate. The International Ascites Club updated the diagnostic criteria for HRS in 2007, but HRS is still difficult to be diagnosed especially at its early stage because of the lack of specific diagnostic indicators in clinical practice. In recent years, the treatment with vasoconstrictors in association with albumin has been much successful for type I HRS, which has changed the recognition that HRS is an irreversible and untreatable condition by medical management. However, the effect of the drug-therapy is limited, which mainly serves as a bridge for liver transplantation. So far, liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for HRS. With improved understanding of HRS, early prevention of HRS has been considered to be more and more important.