活体亲属供肾移植患者心理体验的质性研究

目的了解活体亲属供肾移植患者在围手术期的心理体验,为临床护理人员对患者进行心理支持提供借鉴。方法通过访谈形式,访问了10名活体亲属供肾移植患者,将获得的资料进行分析整理,提出主题。结果患者在得知亲属将要为其捐肾时的最初心理反应是拒绝、反对、无能为力、内疚、自责,最终接受,并转变为感激;同时,患者存在来自疾病本身、治疗费用、担忧亲属健康、未来生活等方面的压力;支持系统主要来自家庭、集体、社会3个方面;患者的期望表现在对生活、医疗、家庭等方面。结论活体亲属供肾移植患者有其特殊的心理体验,护理人员应采取针对性的护理措施,指导患者提高术后生活质量。

A qualitative research on the feelings of kidney transplantation patients by living relative donor

Objective To understand the feeling of kidney transplantation patients by living relative donor during peri-operational period,in order to provide proper psychological support.Method 10 patients were interviewed with open-ended questions.The data were analyzed thematically.Results The initial psychological reactions were rejection,helplessness,conscience,self-accusation,and they showed acception and full of appreciation progressively.At the same time,the patients suffered burden from disease itself,medical charge,worrying about the health of the relatives,and future life.The sources of social support included family,group and society.The patients' expectation manifested in future life,medical treatment and family.Conclusions Kidney transplantation patients by living relative donor experienced special feelings during the peri-operational period.Nurses should take proper nursing measures to provide instruction for the patients and improve their quality of life.