醇醛脱氢酶基因多态及饮酒习惯与胃癌易感性

[目的]探讨乙醇脱氢酶2（ADH2）和乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）基因多态及饮酒习惯与胃癌易感性的关系。[方法]选取江苏省泰兴市和常熟市382例男性胃癌新发病例作为病例组，同时按同居住地、同性别及年龄±2岁1：1个体匹配抽取对照。收集所有研究对象的饮酒习惯等因素。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）和变性高效液相色谱法（DHPLC）检测研究对象ADH2和ALDH2基因型。[结果]①病例组与对照组相比，ADH2和ALDH2各基因型分布频度差异均未达统计学意义。（9携带ALDH2G／A或A／A且酒精消耗总量≥2．5kg·年者，患胃癌的OR值分别是携带ALDH2G／G且酒精消耗总量〈2．5kg·年及≥2．5kg·年者的2．53（95％CI：0．86—7．49）和2．46（95％CI：0．90～6．72）倍，亦是携带ALDH2G／A或A／A且酒精消耗总量〈2．5kg·年者的2．72（95％CI：0．89～8-31）倍，但差异均未达到统计学意义（P〉0．05）。②与同时携带ADH2A／A和AI。DH2G／G者相比．同时携带ADH2G／A或G／G和ALDH2G／A或A，A者无论是否饮酒，患胃癌风险均无明显增加，即使当饮酒者的酒精消耗总量≥2．5kg·年亦如此（OR=3．13，95％CI：0．78，12．64）。[结论]本研究未发现ADH2和ALDH2基因多态及饮酒与胃癌易感性有关。

Relationship of ADH2, ALDH2 Genotypes and Alcohol Consuming with Risk of Stomach Cancer

[Purpose] To investigate the relationship of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 （ADH2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 （ALDH2） genotypes as well as alcohol consuming with the risk of stomach cancer.[Methods] A case-control study including 382 stomach cancer patients and 382 controls matched with sex,age and residential area was carried out in Taixing City and Changshu City of Jiangsu Province.ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were examined by PCR and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography （DHPLC）.[Results] ①The frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were not significantly different between stomach cancer patients and controls.②For the risk of stomach cancer,the OR value of ALDH2 G/A or A/A carriers with cumulative amount of alcohol consumption ≥2.5 （kg·years） was 2.53 times as much as that of ALDH2 G/G carriers with cumulative amount of alcohol consumption〈 2.5 （kg·years） （95%CI：0.86～7.49） and 2.46 times as much as that of ALDH2 G/G carriers with cumulative amount of alcohol consumption ≥2.5 （kg·years）（95%CI：0.90～6.72）,and also it was 2.72 times as much as that of ALDH2 G/A or A/A carriers with cumulative amount of alcohol consumption〈 2.5（kg·years） （95%CI：0.89～8.31）,but the differences did not reach statistical significance （P〉0.05）.③Compared with individuals with ADH2 A/A and ALDH2 G/G genotypes,individuals with ADH2 G/A or G/G and ALDH2 G/A or A/A genotypes were not at a high risk of developing stomach cancer,no matter if they were alcohol drinkers or not,and even cumlative amount of alcohol consumption ≥2.5（kg·years）.[Conclusion] These results reveal that there is no significant relationship between ADH2,ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consuming in the development of stomach cancer.