胎儿左心房主要结构形态学观测

目的观测胎儿左心房主要结构并探讨其变化规律,为先天性心脏病的诊断和手术治疗提供形态学依据。方法40例胎心标本按胎龄大小分为4组,观测左心房的主要结构(左肺静脉口径、右肺静脉口径、左房室口径、左房壁厚度)。结果胎儿左心房呈不规则椭圆形,颜色灰白且呈半透明薄膜状,质地较软。左肺静脉、右肺静脉、左房壁厚度、左房室口径分别为:(0.40±0.08)cm、(0.43±0.05)cm、(0.05±0.01)cm、(0.69±0.15)cm。结论左心房壁厚度随胎龄的增长变化不规则,左肺静脉口径、右肺静脉口径和左房室口径随胎龄的增长而增大。

Morphological observation and measurement of main structures of fetal left atrium

Objective To offer some morphological bases for diagnosis and surgical treatment of congenital heart disease by observing and measuring the main structure of fetal left atriums and investigating their changing regulations.Methods 40 cases of fetal hearts were divided into 4 groups according to the different gestational ages.The main structures of fetal left atriums were observed and measured(the diameter of left pulmonary vein,right pulmonary vein and the atrioventricular orifice,the thickness of left atrial wall).Results The morphological characteristic of fetal left fetal atriums were irregular ellipse,pale color,semitransparent pellicle and soft texture.The diameter of left pulmonary vein,right pulmonary vein and atrioventricular orifice and the thickness of left atrial wall were(0.40±0.08)㎝,(0.43±0.05)㎝,(0.05±0.01)㎝,(0.69±0.15)㎝respectively.Conclusions The diameter of left pulmonary vein,right pulmonary vein and the atrioventricular orifice of left atriums get bigger with the increase of gestational ages while the thickness of left atrial wall changes irregularly.