贵州鼠疫疫源地鼠形动物的部分生物学调查

为查明鼠疫疫源地的鼠形动物种类、组成、分布和季节消长，为鼠疫的预防控制提供依据，用日夹法和笼捕法捕获野外和住宅内鼠形动物，进行分类鉴定，用粉迹法和日夹法调查鼠形动物密度。捕获的鼠形动物有3目4科10属23种，黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为住宅内优势鼠种；黄胸鼠为野外优势鼠种；住宅内鼠形动物的平均鼠迹阳性率为72．62％，野外鼠形动物的捕获率为4．54％。黄胸鼠、褐家鼠和锡金小鼠的妊娠率分别为24．22％，28．99％和28．13％。家栖鼠类是鼠疫预防控制中的主要防制对象，药物灭鼠的最适时间在3月和11月。

Biological Investigation on Rodent Animals in Plague Foci in Guizhou

To study the rodent animals in plague foci, which included specises, composition and seasonal distribution,to provide basis for decision-making on the control of plague, samples of rodent animals were collected and classfied by using cage method and clip method. Rodent density was determined by using powder track method in house and by using clip method in field. 23 species of 10 genus, 4 families, 3 orders of rodent animals were found in this area. Rattus flavipectus and Rattus norvegicus were dominant within house and Rattus flavipectus within the field at the rodent community structure. The positive rate of powder track in domestic rodents was 72.62%, and the positive rate of clipping in wild rodent was 4.54%. The pregnancy rate of Rattus flavipectus, Rattus norvegicus and Mus pahari was 24.22%, 28.99% and 28.13%, respectively. Domestic rodents should be mainly killed in the control of plague. An opportune moment of rodent-killing was in March and November.