职业紧张测量工具研究

目的 :研究适合评价我国职业人群职业紧张状态的测量工具。方法 :根据目前国际上通用的标准 ,从国外大量现用的职业紧张测量工具中选择信度、效度较高的、使用较广的测量工具进行研究和修订。研究内容包括职业紧张因素 ,紧张反应 ,个体因素 ,缓解因素等。研究对象为六种不同职业的作业者共 65 6人。研究方法为职业流行病学方法。信度的评估指标为内部一致性信度指标 ,包括平均项目 -总分相关系数和Cronbach’α系数 ,效度的评估指标为所研究的因素与各种相关因素之间的相关系数和所研究因素在紧张结局变量系统多元回归方程中的因素贡献率。结果 :职业紧张测量工具的平均项目 -总分相关系数绝大多数均在 0 60以上。Crohach’α系数绝大多数均在 0 70以上 ,大多数样本和总样本中的职业紧张因素、个体因素和中和缓解因素与紧张结局之间的相关系数绝大多数具有显著性和非常显著性意义。结论 :所研究的职业紧张测量工具均具有可接受的信度和效度水平。可在实际工作中加以推广应用。

Study of the occupational stress measure insrtuments

Objective: To study the measure instruments of occupational stress suited for the Chinese occupational population.Methods: Aeeorting to international current standards, translated and revised the instruments of the acceptable reliabitilty andvalidaty and used extensively, which selected form a number of the existing occupational stress scales in English. The scales include occupational stressors. stress reactions, individual factors. and buffer factors, ect. The sample consisted of 656 workersand managers from 6 occupations. The estimate indexes of the reliability contained average item- total coefficients and Cron-bach's α coefficients, the validaty were estimated by correlation coefficients between outcome variables and other relative factots, and R2s of system multiple regression equations. Results: The majority of the average itemtotal coefficients of the occupational stress instumentts are above 0.60. Cronbach' s α coefficients above 0.70, the correlation coefficients between outcomevariables and other factors are significantly and above 0.50. Conclusion: The occupational stress instruments have acceptablereliability and validaty.