高血压家族成员中高血压发病危险因素的研究

目的　研究分析高血压家族中高血压病患者与非高血压人员各项危险因素 (如一般状况、生活饮食习惯及实验室生化检查 )的差别。方法　选取 2 0 0 3年初至 2 0 0 4年初在宣武医院心内科门诊就诊的原发性高血压患者 ,经询问确定为高血压家族 ,对家族成员进行问卷调查及实验室检查 ,涉及家族 84个 ,共 36 8人 ,选出直系同辈共 192人。代谢综合征的诊断根据ATPⅢ来确定。结果实验室检查高血压家族中的高血压患者较非高血压人员血脂水平高 ,血糖水平高 ,体重指数 (BMI)高 ;在生活调查中 ,高血压患者男性为多 ,吸烟、饮酒者多 ,喜咸食 ,性格易急躁。在进行logistic回归后 ,超重 (BMI>2 3)、吸烟、性格急躁同发生高血压存在相关关系。两组代谢综合征的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论　高血压家族中非高血压人员首要的预防措施为控制体重 (BMI)。高血压家族中高血压患者较非高血压人员代谢综合征的发病率高。

A study on the risk factors of cardiovascular between hypertensive patients and normal subjects in the same family

OBJECTIVE: Through studying the difference between the hypertensive patients and those with normal blood pressure who all from the same hypertensive pedigree, we tried to find the factors which would decrease the risk of hypertension. METHODS: Hypertensive patients, when coming to the cardiovascular clinic of Xuan Wu Hospital from 2003 to 2004, were defined as the members of the hypertensive pedigrees through inquiry. 84 families including 368 persons, with 192 syblings were involved. Metabolic syndrome could be defined by the criterion of adult treatment panel III. RESULTS: When compared with normal blood pressure persons, clinical examinations of the hypertensive patients had an higher levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose and body mass index (BMI). The hypertensive group showed higher ratios among male patients, smokers, alcohol drinkers, having irritable personality and high-salt-intake. Through logistic regression, overweight, smoking and irritable temperament showed positive relations with hypertension. The rate of metabolic syndrome was higher in hypertension group. CONCLUSION: It is important that either persons with normal blood pressure or hypertension should control their body weights (BMI) since the rate of metabolic syndrome in hypertension group was high.