各国口罩应用范围及相关标准介绍

2019年12月湖北省武汉市发生了多起新型冠状病毒（nCoV）感染的肺炎。nCoV主要通过近距离飞沫传播和接触传播，人群普遍易感，加之春运特殊时期，短期内nCoV肺炎患者确诊病例、重症病例、疑似病例均急剧上升。疫情引发医务人员及公众对口罩的大量需求，市面上的口罩种类繁多，不同口罩适用范围各不相同，不同类型的口罩遵循不同的标准。作者调研各国口罩应用范围及相关标准，对口罩的发展历史、分类、标准、评价指标等进行梳理，以期为医务人员及公众提供帮助。

Application scope and relevant standards of masks in various countries

In December 2019, multiple cases of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province. nCoV is mainly transmitted by close-up droplets and contact, people are generally susceptible to it, in addition, during the special period of Spring Festival travel, the number of confirmed cases, severe cases and suspected cases of nCoV pneumonia rose sharply in a short period of time. The epidemic triggered a large demand for masks by health care workers and the public, there are many kinds of masks on the market, different masks have different scope of application and different standards. The author investigated the application scope and relevant standards of masks in various countries, sorted out the development history, classification, standards and evaluation indicators of masks, so as to provide help for health care workers and the public.