老年女性相对骨骼肌质量指数与骨密度及脂肪含量的相关性

目的分析老年女性相对骨骼肌质量指数(relative appendicular skeletal muscle,RASM)与骨密度及脂肪含量的相关性。方法选取2018年10月至2020年8月就诊于兰州大学第一医院年龄≥60岁的女性受试者127例,其中低RASM组46例,正常组81例。分析两组的年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、总脂肪含量(TFM)、总组织含量及总肌肉含量(TLM)。结果60岁的老年女性中低RASM者检出率为36.2%,骨质疏松者检出率为44.1%;低RASM组的年龄、BMI、全身BMD、TFM、总组织含量及TLM明显低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);RASM与L_1~4 BMD及年龄的相关系数为0.188与-0.176(P<0.05),RASM与全身BMD、TFM、BMI的相关系数为0.369、0.375及0.620(P<0.01),TFM与全身BMD、L_1~4 BMD的相关系数为0.442与0.407(P<0.01)。结论老年女性的肌肉质量、骨密度、脂肪含量之间存在显著正相关,适当的运动和营养支持可增加肌肉质量、改善骨密度、促进脂肪组织的正向作用,有利于预防老年人发生跌倒、骨折及致残的风险,改善老年人生活质量。

Correlation among relative skeletal muscle mass index, bone mineral density, and fat content in elderly women

Objective To analyze the correlation among relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (RASM), bone mineral density, and fat content in elderly women. Methods One hundred and twenty-seven over 60 years old female subjects were selected from the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from October 2018 to August 2020, including 46 cases in low RASM group and 81 cases in normal group. The correlation among age, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), total fat mass (TFM), total body tissue content and TLM were analyzed. Results The detection rate of low RASM and osteoporosis were 36.2% and 44.1%, respectively. Age, BMI, BMD, TFM, tissue content and TLM in the low RASM group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The correlation coefficients of RASM with L1-4 BMD and age were 0.188 and -0.176, respectively (P<0.05). The correlation coefficients of RASM with BMD, TFM, and BMI were 0.369, 0.375, and 0.620, respectively (P<0.01). The correlation coefficients of TFM with BMD and L1-4 BMD were 0.442 and 0.407, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion There is a significant positive correlation among muscle mass, BMD, and fat content in elderly women. Appropriate exercise and nutritional support increase muscle mass, improve BMD, and promote the positive effect of adipose tissue, which is conducive to prevent the elderly from the risk of falls, fractures, and disability and to improve the quality of life of the elderly.