三资制鞋企业工人工作能力及其影响因素的研究

[目的]调查评价三资制鞋企业工人的工作能力,探讨影响工作能力的职业因素。[方法]将514名一线工人和146名后勤管理人员分为研究组和对照组,用工作能力指数法(workabilityindex,WAI)评价综合工作能力,用职业任务问卷调查职业相关因素。[结果]研究组男女工作能力总得分与优等工作能力的比重均低于对照组(P<0.01);研究组任务过重、任务模糊、工作环境和总得分均高于对照组(P<0.05);多元回归分析结果表明任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊及工作环境,是影响制鞋工人工作能力的主要因素。[结论]减少职业任务负荷、改善工作环境和增加职业技能培训,是促进制鞋工人职业健康和提高工作能力的关键。

Study on Work Ability and the Influence Factors among Shoe Production Workers in Joint Ventures

[Objective] To assess work ability of shoe production workers in joint ventures and explore occupational risk factors.[Method] Totally 446 workers and 112 administration employees were investigated as case control groups respectively.Work ability was assessed with work ability index(WAI) and occupational risks factors were investigated with occupational role questionnaire(ORQ).[Results] WAI total score and the percentage of better ability in case group were lower than that in control group(P<0.01).Role overload(RO),role ambiguity(RA),physical environment(PE) and total scores of workers were higher than that in control group.Multiple regression analysis showed that RO,role insufficiency,RA,PE were main risk factors.[Conclusion] Reducing occupational load,improving physical environment and skill training are key points to promote health and work ability of shoes production workers in joint ventures.