老年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理现况调查和影响因素的研究

目的:调查老年慢性心力衰竭(Chronic Heart Failure,CHF)患者自我管理的现状并分析其影响因素。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,对华东、华西、华南、华北、华中5区域的16个省、直辖市、自治区的102所医院的6124名老年CHF患者进行问卷调查。结果:老年CHF患者自我管理总分为49.00(43.00,54.00)分,得分率为61.25%,处于中等偏下水平。不同年龄、民族、文化程度等对患者自我管理有影响(P<0.05)。结论:老年CHF患者自我管理处于中等偏下水平,并受不同年龄、民族、文化程度等因素影响,护理人员应根据不同患者的特点,制订系统化、个性化的老年CHF患者自我管理教育方案。

Investigation of self-management behaviors and its influencing factors in elderly patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Objective:To investigate the status quo and analyze influencing factors of self-management behaviors in elderly patients with Chronic Heart Failure(CHF).Methods:Random cluster sampling was used in 102 hospitals in five regions of East China,West China,South China,North China and Central China to recruit 6,124 elderly CHF patients to finish a survey on self-management behaviors.Results:The average score for self-management behaviors among elderly CHF patients was 49.00(43.00,54.00).The score rate,which was achieved by dividing the median score by the full score and multiplying 100%,was 61.25%.It was at the lower-middle level.Factors such as age,ethnicity and educational level affected patients’self-management behaviors(P<0.05).Conclusion:The self-management behaviors of elderly CHF patients is at the lower middle level.It is affected by age,ethnicity and educational level.Nursing staff should take the characteristics of patients into account when developing systematic and individualized self-management education programs for elderly CHF patients.