4657例深圳市盐田区户籍人口珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血基因分析

目的：通过研究深圳市盐田区户籍人口珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血基因型及人群携带率，为开展深圳盐田区地中海贫血的遗传咨询、产前诊断和预防计划提供科学依据。方法抽取3 mL EDTA-K2抗凝血进行全血细胞分析，以平均红细胞体积（MCV）＜80 fL 作为初筛试验，初筛后可疑病例进行 DNA 提取后用于基因检测。其中α-地中海贫血基因检测使用4对 PCR 引物，在同一反应体系进行扩增，琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定，根据条带分析结果。β-地中海贫血基因型检测，采用 PCR 产物测序进行分析。结果初筛后可疑病例4657例全部进行基因检测，检出地中海贫血基因携带者510例，地中海贫血基因携带率10．95％；其中α-地中海贫血基因携带者389例，携带率8．35％，以α-3．7、α-4．2、α-SEA，为主；β-地中海贫血基因携带者121例，携带率2．59％，以 CD41/42、LVS-Ⅱ-654、box-28、CD17、CD71为主。结论盐田区户籍人口珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血基因携带率与省内其他地区基本接近，检测出的8种地中海贫血基因类型均为常见类型。

Analysis on thalassemia gene of 4 657 household people in Yantian district of Shenzhen city

Objective To investigate the carrying rate and genotype of thalassemia in the household population of Yantian dis-trict in Shenzhen city so as to provide the scientific basis for Thalassemia genetic counseling,prenatal diagnosis and prevention plan. Methods 3 mL of anticoagulation blood by EDTA-K2 was extract for conducting the whole blood cells analysis.With the mean cor-puscular volume（MCV）〈80 fL as the preliminary screening test,then the suspected cases were performed the DNA extraction for conducting the gene test.In theα-thalassemia detection,4 pairs of PCR primer were used to amplify in the same reaction system and the results were analyzed according to the band after the agarose gel electrophoresis.In theβ-thalassemia detection,the PCR product sequencing was adopted.Results After the preliminary screening,4 657 suspected cases all were performed the gene detection.510 carriers with thalassemia gene were detected out with the thalassemia gene carrying rate of 10.95%,including 389 cases carryingα-thalassemia gene with the carrying rate of 8.35%,which was dominated by α-3.7,α-4.2 and α-SEA,and 121 cases carrying βthalassemia gene with the carrying rate of 2.59%,which was dominated by CD41.42,LVS-Ⅱ-654,CD17 and CD71.Conclusion The carrying rate of thalassemia gene in the household population of Yantian district was 10.95%,which is closed to that in other districts within Guangdong province,all of the 8 detected genotypes of thalassemia are the common types.