女童月经初潮与筛查性近视的关联

目的 分析女童月经初潮与筛查性近视的关联,为制定儿童青少年近视预防与控制策略及措施提供科学依据.方法 根据2014年全国学生体质与健康调研标准,在安徽省分别选取宿州、合肥和池州市3个地区,将1725名9～13岁女童纳入研究.采用问卷调查研究对象基本信息及是否出现月经初潮,采用裸眼远视力检查结合串镜检查确定筛查性近视,并...

Relationship between age at menarche and screening positive myopia among girls

  Objective  To assess screening method for myopia among Chinese school-age children and adolescents, and to provide scientific evidence for an appropriate protocol for vision screening.  Methods  According to technical protocols of 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health, a total of 1 725 primary and middle school girls aged 9 to 13 years old from Suzhou, Hefei and Chizhou of Anhui Province were selected. Basic information and menarche were collected by questionnaires. Distance visual acuity and subjective refraction were used for screening myopia. And multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between menarche and screening myopia.  Results  The detection rate of screening positive myopia of girls aged 9-13 years in Anhui province was 62.5%(1 078). The ratio of screening myopia was significantly higher in urban girls (71.0%) compared with suburban girls(54.6%), and higher in girls with homework time >2 h compared (70.8%) with homework time 1-2 h and < 1 h (68.4%, 54.9%) groups (χ2=49.50, 37.88, P < 0.01). The detection rate of screening myopia between different menarche groups was only statistically significant among girls aged 9 and 13 years (χ2=4.75, 11.22, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that menarche was significantly associated with screening myopia (OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.68-2.52). After controlling age and BMI, the association remained (P < 0.05). After further controlling family residence background and homework time, the association diminished (P>0.05).  Conclusion  Menarche is closely associated with screening myopia among girls in selected age groups, future cohort studies are needed to focus on prevention and control of myopia during pubertal development.