Low Mediterranean Diet scores are associated with reduced kidney function and health related quality of life but not other markers of cardiovascular risk in adults with diabetes and chronic kidney disease |
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| Authors: | Kelly Picard Peter A. Senior Stephany Adame Perez Kailash Jindal Caroline Richard Diana R. Mager |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 9-114F Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6E 2E1, Canada;3. Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, 11-107 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6E 2E1, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsHow Mediterranean-style diets impact cardiovascular and health outcomes in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well known. Our aim was to investigate the association between diet quality, using Mediterranean Diet Scores (MDS) and health outcomes.Methods and resultsThis is a post-hoc analysis of an RCT and longitudinal study investigating patients with diabetes and CKD. MDS was calculated annually. Scores were analyzed for correlation with lipids, HbA1c, serum potassium, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and depression. 178 diet records from 50 patients who attended two or more visits were included. Mean MDS was moderate (4.1 ± 1.6) and stable over time. Stage 1–2 vs 3–5 CKD had lower raw MDS (3.8 ± 1.5 vs 4.6 ± 1.5, p < 0.001). Having hyperkalemia was associated with a lower raw MDS scores (3.6 ± 1.6 vs 4.2 ± 1.5, p = 0.03) but not energy adjusted MDS. MDS was not associated with HbA1c or lipids. High vs low MDS was associated with improved HRQOL (mental health 84.4 ± 14.3 vs 80.3 ± 17.1, p < 0.05; general health 62.6 ± 21.0 vs 56.3 ± 19.8, p < 0.001) and fewer depressive symptoms (9.1 ± 7.4 vs 11.7 ± 10.6, p = 0.01).ConclusionsLow MDS was associated with reduced kidney function and health related quality of life, but not other markers of cardiovascular risk. Further studies are needed to understand the nature and direction of the association between diet quality and disease outcomes in this population. |
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| Keywords: | Chronic kidney disease Cardiovascular disease Diet quality Hyperkalemia NOVA Mediterranean diet Food processing CKD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" chronic kidney disease CKD-EPI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration CRP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" C-reactive protein DQ" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" diet quality ERA-EDTA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" European Renal Association - European Dialysis Transplant Association HRQOL" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" health related quality of life KDOQI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative KDIGO" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0175" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes MDI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0185" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Major Depressive Inventory MDS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0195" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Mediterranean Diet Score mg" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0205" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" milligram NHP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0215" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" natural health products RAASi" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0225" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Renin Angiotension Aldosterone System Inhibitor SF-36" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0235" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" short-form 36 TC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0245" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Total Cholesterol TG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0255" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Triglycerides |
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