高中生睡眠质量现状及影响因素分析

  目的  研究高中生睡眠质量现状及影响因素, 为有针对性地改善高中生睡眠质量提供依据。  方法  2020年在中国4个区域(上海、青海、澳门、河南)招募各年级高中生4 793名, 问卷收集人口统计学信息、睡眠情况、精神状况、生活习惯等信息, 采用描述性统计和Logistic回归方法分析高中生睡眠质量及影响因素。  结果  高中生睡眠障碍检出率为24.2%, 睡眠时间 < 7 h/d者占71.4%。单因素分析显示, 人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑症状、学习压力、家庭压力、人际关系压力对高中生睡眠障碍影响有统计学意义(χ2值分别为1 147.98, 1 228.35, 1 032.54, 371.05, 497.61, 475.39, P值均 < 0.01)。咖啡浓茶、饮酒、吸烟(包括二手烟)、电子产品使用、晚睡、睡前饮食、不良睡眠环境、父母患睡眠障碍与高中生睡眠障碍发生呈正相关, 规律运动与高中生睡眠障碍发生呈负相关(χ2值分别为160.28, 127.73, 108.02, 113.27, 470.91, 340.95, 72.02, 155.53, 116.30, 76.96, 28.75, 12.89, P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  高中生睡眠质量有待改善。学校及家长应注意高中生的心理健康及生活习惯, 帮助高中生提升睡眠质量, 顺利成长。

Sleep quality and its influencing factors in senior high school students

  Objective  To study the current situation of sleep quality of senior high school students and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for targeted sleep quality improvement of high school students.  Methods  A total of 4 793 senior high school students of different grades were recruited from four different regions (Shanghai, Qinghai, Macao, Henan) in 2020. The information of demographic, sleep status, mental factors, living habits and other information were collected by questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression were used to analyze sleep quality and its influencing factors of the senior high school students.  Results  About 24.2% of senior high school students reported sleep problems and 71.4% slept less than 7 hours at night. Interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety symptoms, learning, family and interpersonal stress had significant effects on sleep problems in senior high school students(χ2=1 147.98, 1 228.35, 1 032.54, 371.05, 497.61, 475.39, P < 0.01). Drinking coffee and tea, drinking alcohol, smoking (including secondhand smoke), long-term use of electronic products, late sleep, bedtime diet, poor sleep environment, parents with sleep problems were the risk factors for sleep disorders of senior high school students, regular exercise was the protective factors for sleep disorders of senior high school students, the influence was significant (χ2=160.28, 127.73, 108.02, 113.27, 470.91, 340.95, 72.02, 155.53, 116.30, 76.96, 28.75, 12.89, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The sleep quality of senior high school students needs to be improved. Schools and parents should pay attention to the mental health and living habits of senior high school students to help them improve their sleep quality and grow up smoothly. Sleep; Mental health; Regression analysis; Students