Effect of dietary sodium restriction on blood pressure in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
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| Authors: | Jingyi Ren Liqiang Qin Xiang Li Ran Zhao Zhixing Wu Yuxia Ma |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China;2. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China;3. Undergraduate of College of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China;4. Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China |
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| Abstract: | AimsAlthough current guidelines recommend reduction of salt intake in patients with diabetes, the benefits of reducing salt intake in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) lack clear evidence. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of sodium restriction and blood pressure (BP) in patients with T2DM.Data synthesisWe performed a systematic search of the online databases that evaluated the effect of dietary sodium restriction on BP in patients with T2DM. Sodium intake was expressed by 24 h urinary sodium excretion (UNaV). Q statistics and I2 were used to explore between-study heterogeneity. A random-effects model was used in the presence of significant heterogeneity; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was applied. Eight RCTs with 10 trials (7 cross-over and 3 parallel designs) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with ordinary sodium intake, dietary sodium restriction significantly decreased UNaV (weighted mean difference, WMD: ?38.430 mmol/24 h; 95% CI: ?41.665 mmol/24 h to ?35.194 mmol/24 h). Sodium restriction significantly lowered systolic BP (WMD: ?5.574 mm Hg; 95% CI: ?8.314 to ?2.834 mm Hg; I2 = 0.0%) and diastolic BP (WMD: ?1.675 mm Hg; 95% CI: ?3.199 to ?0.150 mm Hg; I2 = 0.0%) with low heterogeneity among the studies. No publication bias was found from Begg's and Egger's tests.ConclusionsSodium restriction significantly reduces SBP and DBP in patients with T2DM. |
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| Keywords: | Dietary salt restriction Blood pressure Type 2 diabetes Meta-analysis Randomized controlled trial BP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" blood pressure BRS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" baroreflex sensitivity CI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" confidence interval DBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" diastolic blood pressure IGT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" impaired glucose tolerance SBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" systolic blood pressure RCT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" randomized controlled trial SD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" standard deviations SE" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" standard error T2DM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" type 2 diabetes mellitus UNaV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 24 h urinary sodium excretion WMD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0150" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" weighted mean difference |
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