夜间人工光暴露与汉族女生月经初潮发生的关系

  目的  分析中国9~18岁汉族女生月经初潮发生情况与夜间人工光(artificial light at-night, ALAN)暴露的关系，为研究ALAN作为环境污染源对青春期启动的干扰作用机制提供线索，同时为环境ALAN控制和公共卫生政策的制定提供科学证据。  方法  采用2014年中国学生体质与健康调研数据，纳入月经初潮、身高、体重记录完整的9~18岁汉族女生74 483名。采用Pearson相关探索11岁汉族女生月经初潮发生率与ALAN暴露的相关性，并分别按照其所在地室外夜间灯光覆盖面积比例三分位数(0.16, 0.60)和夜间平均光强三分位数[0.97, 5.91 nw/(sr·cm)2]将研究对象分为3组，采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析ALAN暴露与月经初潮的关系。  结果  2014年中国汉族女生月经初潮中位年龄为12.18岁，11岁组月经初潮发生率为26.31%。控制体质量指数、当地人口总数、人均GDP的对数值后，11岁汉族女生月经初潮发生率与当地室外平均夜间灯光覆盖面积比例和夜间平均光强对数调整值均呈正相关(r值分别为0.29，0.30，P值均 < 0.05)；所在地室外夜间灯光覆盖面积比例(OR值分别为1.28，1.52)和夜间平均光强(OR值分别为1.47，1.58)越高，11岁汉族女生月经初潮发生率越高(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  夜间人工光暴露与11岁汉族女生月经初潮率存在正向关联，研究ALAN暴露可能为青春期启动机制提供线索，并为ALAN暴露对人群健康的影响提供科学证据。

Association between exposure to artificial light at-night and the occurrence of menarche in Han girls

  Objective  To analyze the association between the occurrence of menarche and the exposure to artificial light at-night (ALAN) in female Han nationality girls aged 9-18 in China, so as to provide a reference for the research on the disturbance mechanism of ALAN on puberty, as well as provide a scientific evidence for controlling ALAN and making public sanitary policy.  Methods  A total of 74 483 Han girls aged 9-18 with complete records of menarche, height, and weight were included in the 2014 Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health. Pearson correlation was used to explore the correlation between the incidence of menarche and the exposure to artificial light at-night in 11-year-old Han girls, and the third quantiles of the area covered by outdoor night lights (0.16, 0.60) and the third quantiles of the average night light intensity [0.97, 5.91 nw/(sr ·cm)2] were used respectively to divide the study subjects into 3 groups, and the multi-factor Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of artificial light at-night exposure on menarche.  Results  In 2014, the median age of menarche of Chinese Han girls was 12.18 years old, and the incidence of menarche in the 11-year-old group was 26.31%. After controlling for body mass index, local population and the logarithmic values of per capita GDP, the incidence of menarche of 11-year-old Han girls was positively correlated with the local outdoor average night light coverage area ratio and the night average light intensity logarithmic adjustment value(r=0.29, 0.30, P < 0.05).The higher the local outdoor night light coverage area ratio (OR=1.28, 1.52) and the average night light intensity (OR=1.47, 1.58), the higher the incidence of menarche in 11-year-old Han girls(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  There is a positive correlation between artificial light at-night exposure and the menarche rate of 11-year-old Han girls. Research on artificial light at-night exposure may provide scientific evidence on puberty onset and its effects on population health.