山东省中小学生高尿酸血症流行状况

  目的  了解山东省中小学生高尿酸血症流行现状，为防治儿童青少年高尿酸血症提供数据支撑。  方法  采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，对山东省城乡3 609名中小学生的血尿酸、腰围、身高、体重等数据进行收集与分析。  结果  中小学生血尿酸均值为(316.17±82.57)μmol/L，高尿酸血症总检出率为17.4%。男生的血尿酸值(338.26±90.30)μmol/L]和高尿酸血症检出率(18.9%)高于女生(294.25±67.29)μmol/L，15.9%]，差异均有统计学意义(t/χ2值分别为16.60，5.48，P值均 < 0.05)。城市学生血尿酸值(353.24±78.98)μmol/L]和高尿酸血症检出率(21.6%)高于农村(283.56±71.45)μmol/L，12.8%]，沿海(376.80±85.46)μmol/L，26.6%]高于内陆(282.45±60.67)μmol/L，11.6%]，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.54，15.27，χ2值分别为48.15，132.53，P值均 < 0.01)。不同年龄之间的血尿酸值和高尿酸血症检出率差异均有统计学意义(t/χ2值分别为11.79，18.11，P值均 < 0.01)。高尿酸血症检出率均随着肥胖程度、腰围、血压、血脂和血糖的增加而呈现一定的升高趋势，差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为999.95，561.08，447.57，196.37，115.08，P值均 < 0.01)。  结论  山东省中小学生高尿酸血症检出率较高，高尿酸血症与性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、血压、血脂、血糖有关。高危人群应定期体检，改善不良生活方式，减少高尿酸血症所诱发的多种慢性疾病。

Analysis of the prevalence of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province

  Objective  To obtain the prevalence of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province, and to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia in children and adolescents.  Methods  The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect the data of 3 609 primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, including the blood uric acid, waist circumference, height, and weight.  Results  The average blood uric acid value of primary and secondary school students was (316.17±82.57)μmol/L, and the total detection rate of hyperuricemia was 17.4%. The detection rate of blood uric acid was 18.9% and hyperuricemia(338.26±90.30)μmol/L] of boys were higher than those of girls(294.25±67.29)μmol/L, 15.9%], and the difference were statistically significant(t/χ2=16.60, 5.48, P < 0.05). The detection rate of blood uric acid (21.6%) and hyperuricemia (353.24±78.98)μmol/L] in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, and higher in coastal areas(376.80±85.46)μmol/L, 26.6%] than inland; the differences were statistically significant (t=14.54, 15.27, χ2=48.15, 132.53, P < 0.01). The differences in the blood uric acid value and the detection rate of hyperuricemia between different ages were statistically significant (t/χ2=11.79, 18.11, P < 0.01). The detection rate of blood uric acid increased with the increase of obesity, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar, and the difference were statistically significant (χ2=999.95, 561.08, 447.57, 196.37, 115.08, P < 0.01).  Conclusion  The detection rate of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province is relatively high. The hyperuricemia is related to gender, age, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar. High-risk groups should have regular physical examinations to actively improve their unhealthy lifestyles and reduce the incidence of hyperuricemia.