孕妇血浆游离胎儿DNA中地中海贫血突变的基因诊断

本研究旨在建立一种妊娠早期、简便、快速且无创伤性的检测胎儿常见地中海贫血突变的导流杂交技术,用于地中海贫血的产前诊断.采用PCR技术与低密度基因芯片导流杂交技术相结合,设计6组PCR引物单管多重PCR体系及29种DNA探针,快速检测60例妊娠5-17周贫血孕妇血浆游离胎儿DNA中缺失型α-地中海贫血及β-地中海贫血.结果表明：60例贫血孕妇血浆的游离胎儿DNA中,检出缺失型α-地中海贫血胎儿4例,β-地中海贫血胎儿3例,α及β混合型-地中海贫血胎儿1例.结论：采用本检测方法能快速准确地检测出3种常见的缺失型α-地中海贫血及17种常见β-地中海贫血的突变.

Genetic Diagnosis of Thalassemia Mutations with Free Fetal DNA in Pregnant Plasma

This research was aimed to develop a simple, rapid, accurate and non-invasive method by means of flow- through hybridization technology, which can be used for molecular screening and early prenatal diagnosis for detecting common β-thalassemias mutational genotypes. By using PCR technology combined with flow-through hybridization of low-density gene chip technology, the 6 sets of PCR primer single tube multiplex PCR system and 29 types of DNA probes were designed, then the mututional thalassemias in foetus DNA was rapidly detected in total of 60 anaemia preg- nant women plasma. The results showed that 4 cases with deletional et-thalassemias, 3 cases with β-thalassemias, 1 case with mixed type of α ＆ β-thalassemias were detected in foetus DNA of 60 pregnant women plasmas. It is concluded that the method presented in this study is easy to handle, rapid, reliable and cost-effective for detecting 3 common deletional α-thalassemias and 17 common mutational β-thalassemia.