骨髓源与脐带源间充质干细胞的基本生物学特征比较

骨髓（bone marrow,BM）和脐带（umbilical cords,UC）是治疗用间充质干细胞（MSC）的主要来源.本研究旨在比较骨髓源和脐带源间充质干细胞的基本生物学特征和体外免疫抑制能力.采用相同培养条件,原代扩增培养UC-MSC和BM-MSC,比较它们的生长动力学、细胞表型和免疫抑制能力.采用基因芯片技术比较这两种来源的间充质干细胞的表达基因组差异.结果表明,UC-MSC与BM-MSC在细胞形态和细胞表型上相似,但UC-MSC生长更快,可以在体外培养30代以上并不发生可见的形态改变,而BM-MSC生长缓慢,在培养6代以后倍增时间就显著增加.UC-和BM-MSC均可抑制PHA刺激的外周血单个核细胞增殖,其中BM-MSC的抑制能力稍强.基因芯片显示,BM-MSC表达更多的免疫相关基因,而UC-MSC高表达的基因更多地集中于器官发育和生长类基因方面.结论：UC-MSC的高增殖率、低HLA-ABC表达和免疫抑制能力促进了其在细胞治疗中的潜在应用.BM-MSC和UC-MSC差异表达的基因是由它们的组织来源决定的,这将影响在细胞治疗中的选择.

Basic Biological Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Human Umbilical Card

Bone marrow （BM） and umbilical cord （UC） therapeutics. This study was aimed to compare the basic biologic are the major sources of menchymal stem cells for characteristcs of bone marrow-derived and umbilical cord derived-mesenchgmal stem cells （ BM-MSC and UC-MSC） and their immunosuppresive capability in vitro. The BM-MSC and UC-MSC were cultured and amplified under same culture condition. The growth kinetics, phenotypic characteristics and immunosuppressive effects of UC-MSC were compared with those of BM-MSC. Gene chip was used to compare the genes differentially expressed between UC-MSC and BM-MSC. The results showed that UC-MSC shared most of the characteristics of BM-MSC, including morphology and immunophenotype. UC-MSC could be ready expanded for 30 passages without visible changes. However, BM-MSC grew slowly, and the mean doubling time increased notably after passage 6. Both UC-MSC and BM-MSC could inhibit phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, in which BM-MSC mediated more inhibitory effect. Compared with UC-MSC, BM-MSC expressed more genes associated with immune response. Meanwhile, the categories of up-regulated genes in UC-MSC were concentrated in organ development and growth. It is concluded that the higher proliferation capacity, low human leukocyte antigen-ABC expression and immunosuppression make UC-MSC an excellent alternative to BM-MSC for cell therapy. The differences between BM-MSC and UC-MSC gene expressions can be explained by their ontogeny and different microenvironment in origin tissue. These differences can affect their efficacy in different therapeutic applications.