弱视患者远、近视力差异的临床观察

目的  了解弱视儿童近视力和远视力是否存在差异。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 弱视儿童81例（139眼）。方法 对81例初次就诊的弱视患者进行屈光矫正，分别运用标准对数远视力表和标准对数近视力表进行矫正后远、近视力的测量及分析。对所有接受检查的弱视儿童分别按年龄、屈光度和病因进行分组统计分析。主要指标 近视力，远视力。结果 不同病因弱视患者的远近视力比较：屈光不正性弱视、屈光参差性弱视、斜视性弱视患者的平均近视力分别为0.48±0.27、0.47±0.28、0.45±0.30，平均远视力分别为0.46±0.22、0.40±0.20、0.43±0.30，各组的远近视力差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。不同年龄弱视患者的远近视力比较：3岁～≤5岁组、＞5岁～≤7岁组、＞7岁～12岁组的平均近视力分别为0.41±0.23、0.56±0.29、0.46±0.31，平均远视力分别为0.39±0.18、0.52±0.22、0.42±0.23，各年龄组患者的远近视力差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。不同屈光度弱视患者的远近视力比较：≤+4.00 D组和＞+4.00 D组平均近视力分别为0.45±0.26、0.48±0.28，平均远视力为0.40±0.30、0.46±0.21，两组屈光度患者的近视力与远视力平均值差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。结论 本研究结果显示，不同病因、不同年龄段、不同屈光度的弱视患者其远、近视力无明显差异。 （眼科，2013，22： 266-268）

Clinical observation of near visual acuity and distance visual acuity in amblyopia children

Objective To evaluate the differences between near visual acuity and distance visual acuity in the children with amblyopia. Design Retrospective case series. Participants Eighty-one children (139 eyes) with amblyopia. Method The refraction of eighty-one children was corrected. The near visual acuity and distance visual acuity were measured by Standard Logarithm Distance Visual Acuity Chart and Standard Logarithm Near Visual Acuity Chart. The patients were grouped with different causes, different age, and different refraction.  Main Outcome Measures The mean near visual acuity and distance visual acuity. Results The mean near visual acuity in ametropic, anisometropic and strabismus amblyopia were 0.48±0.27，0.47±0.28 and 0.45±0.30, respectively; and the mean distance visual acuity were 0.46±0.22, 0.40±0.20 and 0.43±0.30, respectively (all P＞0.05). The mean near visual acuity in groups age 3~≤5, >5~≤7 and >7~12 were 0.41±0.23，0.56±0.29 and 0.46±0.31, respectively; and the mean distance visual acuity were 0.39±0.18, 0.52±0.22 and 0.42±0.23, respectively (all P＞0.05). The mean near visual acuity in group ≤+4.00 D and ＞+4.00 D were 0.45±0.26 and 0.48±0.28, respectively; and the mean distance visual acuity were 0.40±0.30 and 0.46±0.21, respectively (all P＞0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference between near visual acuity and distance visual acuity in the patients with different causes, ages, and refrections amblyopia. （Ophthalmol CHN， 2013, 22:  266-268）