The effects of maternal obesity on perinatal outcomes among those born small for gestational age* |
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Authors: | Ruofan Yao Bo Y Park Aaron B Caughey |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,;2. School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, and;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health &4. Science University, Portland, OR, USA |
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Abstract: | Background: Maternal obesity has been associated with higher birth weight. Small for gestational age (SGA) neonates born to obese women may be associated with pathological growth with increased neonatal complications.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all non-anomalous singleton neonates born in Texas from 2006–2011. Analyses were limited to births between 34 and 42 weeks gestation with birth weight?≤10th percentile. Results were stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy BMI class. The risk for stillbirth, neonatal death, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and five?minute Apgar scores?<7 were estimated for each obesity class and compared to the normal weight group. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to control for potential confounding variables.Results: The rate of stillbirth was 1.4/1000 births for normal weight women, and 2.9/1000 among obese women (p?0.001, aOR: 1.83 1.43, 2.34]). The rate of neonatal deaths among normal weight women was 4.3/1000 births, whereas among obese women it was 4.7/1000 (p?=?0.94, aOR: 1.10 0.92, 1.30]). A dose-dependent relationship between maternal obesity and stillbirths was seen, but not for other neonatal outcomes.Conclusion: Among SGA neonates, maternal pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with increased risks for stillbirth, NICU admission and low Apgar scores but not neonatal death. |
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Keywords: | Growth restriction neonatal outcomes obesity small for gestational age stillbirth |
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