武汉市综合治理垸内钉螺孳生地效果及效益分析

目的对武汉市垸内综合治理控制血吸虫病流行的效果及费用效益进行分析，为决策和评价提供科学依据。方法根据不同地理特点，以环境改造为主，采用沟渠硬化、开新填旧、建鱼池等方法，辅以药物杀灭对垸内钉螺孳生地进行全面综合治理。收集治理前后螺情、人畜病情以及项目费用、疫区经济状况等相关资料，计算螺情、病情指标下降率以及单位效果费用、净效益、费用效益比，进行防治效果评价和费用-效果、费用-效益分析。结果经综合治理，全市有螺处数、有螺面积分别下降了79．93％，85．73％；垸内各流行村人群粪检阳性率下降了58．82％；耕牛粪检阳性率下降了73．14％。项目血防综合效果指数为71．50，费用效益比为1：2．92，净效益费用比为1．92。结论垸内钉螺孳生地综合治理，有效控制了血吸虫病流行，是湖沼型垸内亚型地区控制并消灭血吸虫病的有效对策和措施。

Effect and cost-benefit analysis of comprehensive measures on snail habitats inside the embankment of Wnhan

Objective To evaluate the effect and cost-benefit of schistosomiasis control through comprehensive measures inside the embankment and provide guidance for policy-making. Methods According to the geographical characteristics of the snail-ridden area inside the embankment in Wuhan,environmental modification, such as concreting ditches, digging new ditches to fill up the old ones ,building fish ponds, and spraying molluscicide were performed. The data of the evaluation index including： the changes of the snail areas, infection rate in both human and livestock…were observed before and after the project. The cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis were carried out by calculating the reduction rate of snail area and the infection rate in both human and livestock ,the unit effectiveness-cost ,the net benefit and the benefit-cost ratio, etc. Results At the end of 2006, the number of the sites and areas of the snail-ridden were reduced by 79. 93% and 85.73% respectively after the project. The infection rate in the residents and cattle were reduced by 58.82% and 73.14% respectively. The index of the comprehensive effect of schistosomiasis control was 71.50. The cost-benefit ratio was 1 ： 2.92,and the net benefit-cost ratio was 1.92. Conclusion The comprehensive measures for snail habitats inside the embankment are effective in the inner embankment （subtype） , marshland and lake endemic regions, therefore,it is effective in Schistosomiasis control.