机车乘务员心理健康状况及其影响因素研究

目的：调查乘务员的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法：采用症状自评量表、防御方式问卷、生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表定式问卷，对430名机车乘务员心理健康水平及其影响因素进行分析。结果：乘务员SCL－90测试结果：总分和9项因子分均高于国内常模，以躯体化、强迫症状两项因子分最高。多元回归分析提示，与SCL－90总分的相关程度，依次为不成熟防御机制、主观社会支持和生活事件。其中主观社会支持与SCL－90总分呈负相关。结论：影响机车乘务员心理健康的主要原因是生活事件因素和不成熟防御机制，主观社会支持能够对机务乘务员心理健康提供保护。

Train conductors' psychological health status and related influencing factors

Objective To study the train conductors' psychological health status and its influencing factors. Methods 430 train conductors in Changsha and Yueyang Railway Group were interviewed by using the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL 90), the life event scale, the defense mechanism questionnaire and the social support rating scale. Results The psychological health status of train conductors studied was higher than that of national norm as shown on SCL 90 score. Somatization and obsessive compulsive symptoms were the most psychological problems of the sample. Multiple regressive analysis indicated that psychological level of the sample was negatively related to immature defense mechanism and life event score and positively realted to subjective social support score.Conclusion Stressful life events and immature defense mechanism were the major factors damaging psychological health of this particular occupational group; perceived social support could be an important buffering factor for the process of stress management of train conductors.