地震所致下肢毁损伤截肢治疗分析

目的 分析下肢截肢手术适应证选择、并发症的发生及最终的结局. 方法 追踪5.12汶川大地震中现场截肢和在后方医院急诊F肢截肢手术的15例地震伤员的病例资料,分析下肢损伤的严重程度、截肢地点、截肢后是否开放及切口完全愈合拆线时间. 结果 15例中男9例,女6例,年龄11～51岁(32±12)岁].截肢部位16处,GustiloⅢb 2例,GustiloⅢc 9例,Tschernen Ⅲ 5例.4例现场或帐篷截肢伤员术后均发生感染,行二次、高位、开放截肢手术.10例后方截肢伤员行一次性、高位、开放截肢,其中2例发生感染.1例后方截肢伤员进行的是高位截肢I期闭合切口,结果术后感染、切口流脓,出现菌血症. 结论 地震伤中现场和战地帐篷截肢术后发生感染概率非常高,后送后应尽早安排二次、开放截肢.地震伤员在后方医院采用一次性、高位、开放截肢对下肢毁损伤的治疗有重要意义.

Analysis on amputation due to severe lower limb injury after earthquake

Objective To analyze indications,complications and outcomes of amputation.Methods A total of 15 patients undergone amputation in field or at tent hospital were collected for analy-zing injury severity,place where amputation was done,whether open or closed amputation and stitch re-moval time. Results There were 9 males and 6 females.at an average age of 32 years(11-51years).There were 16 amputations including Gustilo IIIB in 2 patients, Gustilo IIIC in 9 and Tscheme Ⅲin 5 according to Gustiln classification or Tscheme classification.Four patients who received amputation in field or at tent hospital developed infection and had to receive amputation again at a higher level on the limb and drainage of open wounds because of a higher infection rate due to the amputation location.Ten patients received first amputation at higher levels with open wound at station hospital but only 2 manifested infected incision.High level amputation with one stage closure was done in 1 patient who was infected and suppurated after operation and even developed bacteremia. Conclusions Infection rate following am-putation 4n field and tent clinics is rather higher,so secondary open amputations should be performed at a higher level as soon as possible.One-time and high-level open amputation plays an important role in treat-ment of severe lower limb injuries following earthquake.