土三七生物碱成分分析及肝小静脉闭塞病小鼠模型建立

[目的]提取并鉴定土三七中有毒生物碱成分，初步探讨土三七致肝小静脉闭塞病（VOD）小鼠模型的建立。[方法]用薄层层析和气相色谱-质谱仪结合的方法分离鉴定土三七中总生物碱毒性成分；并将60只昆明小白鼠随机分为2组：实验组用亚致死剂量灌胃，对照组用环磷酰胺，喂养4周，每日测量小鼠体重，并观察其生活状态特别是腹水情况，出现体重短期明显增加或明显腹水，颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠，并送病理室做苏木精-伊红染色，病理切片观察。[结果]土三七根部总生物碱的提取率为0．105％，在土三七根部发现超过5种吡咯烷生物碱（PAs），其中有3种具有较强肝毒性的分别为：千里光宁、千里光非宁和全缘千里光碱。有9只小白鼠病理组织检查中，出现和人类似的符合VOD诊断标准的表现；其中6只来源于实验组，3只来源于对照组，2组之间差异无统计学意义。[结论]土三七根部含有超过5种PAs；实验表明用这种方法能够成功建立VOD小鼠模型。

Analysis of alkaloids in Sedum aizoon and establishment of hepatic veno-occlusive model in mice

[Objective] To detect the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids(HPA) in the Sedum aizoon and investigate the establishment of the hepatic veno-occlusive disease(VOD) model in mice.[Methods] The alkaloid extracts of Sedum aizoon root were detected and analyzed by the method of combination of thin-layer chromatography(TLC),and gas chromatography/mass spectrography(GC/MS).Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group equally.The experimental group was raised with the total alkaloid of sublethal dose(50 mg/kg,qod),while the control group was raised with cyclophosphamide(30 mg/d,qod) for 4 weeks.Every day the weight of mice was written down and symptoms and signs were observed.When ascites was found,the mice were killed to be taken pathological examination.[Results] The extraction percentage of total alkaloids was 0.105%.More than five alkaloids were found in the extracts of Sedum aizoon root,among which three types of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids proved to be senecionine,seneciphylline and integerrimine.The pathological signs analogized to human VOD were found in nine mice,six from the experimental group and three from control.[Conclusion] The root of Sedum aizoon contains more than five types of pyrrolizidine alkaloids.This method can induce VOD mice models successfully.