2009-2014年新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市流行性感冒流行特征分析

目的 掌握2009-2014年新疆石河子市流行性感冒(流感)流行规律、病毒型别及其活动水平,为流感的预警及防控提供依据. 方法 收集2009-2014年石河子市流感监测系统流感样病例(ILI)监测资料和流感样标本病毒检测结果资料进行分析.应用2检验分析阳性率等指标的差异. 结果 2009-2014年,哨点医院门诊病例总数为793 920例,ILI 23 036例,ILI占门诊病例总数的平均比例(ILI%)为2.90%,6个年度中15岁以下人群 ILI占60.68%.ILI流行高峰主要集中在10月至次年2月.共检测ILI咽拭子标本1788份,阳性255份,阳性率为14.26%,各年份病毒阳性率不同(2=42.00,P 0.001),各年度优势毒株变化十分明显. 结论 石河子市冬、春季流感流行严重,应根据流感病毒各亚型毒力开展以15岁以下人群为重点防控对象的流感预防措施.

Epidemiology of influenza in Shihezi,Xinjiang,2009-2014

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shihezi from 2009 to 2014 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods The influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance data and influenza virus detection data in Shihezi during this period were collected. Chi-squared test was conducted to analyze the surveillance and virus detection results. Results A total of 23 036 ILI cases were detected among the 793 920 outpatients seeking medical care in sentinel hospital (2.90%) during this period, The ILI cases in age group15 years accounted for 60.68%. The incidence peak of ILI was during October-February. Among 1788 pharyngeal swabs detected, 255 were positive (14.26%). The differences in annual virus detection rate were statistical significant (2=42.00,P 0.001). The predominant virus varied with year. Conclusion The incidence of influenza was high during winter-spring in Shihezi. It is necessary to conduct targeted influenza prevention and control in age group15 years according to the detection results of influenza virus activity.