严重烧伤患者休克期并发脓毒症的临床分析

目的　探讨严重烧伤患者休克期并发脓毒症的原因、防治措施及预后。　方法　随机抽取笔者单位 1992年 5月～ 1999年 12月收治的特重度烧伤患者 4 4例 (伤后 4 8h内入院 )。依据脓毒症和肠源性感染诊断标准 ,结合患者创面及血液细菌培养结果 ,计算休克期内脓毒症的发生率 ,探讨肠源性感染的可能性。分析本组患者入院后的抗生素使用情况。观察脓毒症患者休克期内其他并发症的发生情况 ,并分析其预后。　结果　 4 4例患者中 4例于休克期内发生脓毒症 ,占 9.0 9% ,其中1例由铜绿假单胞菌引起 ,3例分别由大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、产气杆菌引起。所有患者入院后给予抗生素 ,然后结合临床征象、创面及血液细菌培养结果、药敏试验结果选用敏感抗生素。 4例脓毒症患者中休克期内并发严重水、电解质紊乱 1例次、应激性溃疡 2例次、急性肾功能衰竭 2例次。最终 1例治愈 ,3例死亡。　结论　肠道杆菌感染是严重烧伤休克期发生脓毒症的原因之一 ,休克与脓毒症互为因果 ,互相促进。烧伤后早期应用对肠道菌群敏感的抗生素是防治休克期脓毒症的重要措施。

Clinical analysis of severe burn patients with sepsis during shock stage

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis, management and prognosis of severe burn patients with sepsis during shock stage. Methods Fourty-four patients inflicted with over 60% TBSA burn injury and admitted to our hospital within 48 hours after injury during the past 8 years were enrolled in the study. The application of antibiotics in this group of patients was analyzed. The incidence of burn sepsis during shock stage in this group was calculated according to the results of the bacterial culture of the blood samples and burn wound samples,as well as the diagnostic criteria of sepsis. The relationship between sepsis during shock stage and the possibility of enteral bacterial translocation was discussed. Other postburn complications in patients with burn sepsis during shock stage were also observed and their prognosis was explored. Results This group of patients were all treated with 3 rd and 4 th generation of Cephalosporins and Imipenem/Cilastatin sodium after hospitalization. Burn sepsis during shock stage occured in 4 cases (9.09%), in which one was caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other three possibly by Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus gasoformans. Among the 4 cases, severe disorder in water and electrolytes happened in 1 case, stress ulcer in 2 and acute renal failure in 2. As a result, only one out of the 4 patients survived. Conclusion Bacterial translocation was probable cause of sepsis during shock stage. Shock might predispose sepsis. Early postburn applications of antibiotics sensitive to enteric bacteria could be beneficial to the management of burn sepsis during shock stage.